diff --git a/cde/.gitignore b/cde/.gitignore
index ea560b40a..18675565c 100644
--- a/cde/.gitignore
+++ b/cde/.gitignore
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ programs/dtinfo/tools/misc/treeres
 # program/dtksh
 programs/dtksh/FEATURE
 programs/dtksh/dtksh
-programs/dtksh/suid_exec
+programs/dtksh/init.c
 programs/dtksh/examples/CallDataTest4
 programs/dtksh/examples/CallbackTest2
 programs/dtksh/examples/DtCursorTest2
diff --git a/cde/databases/CDE-MIN.udb b/cde/databases/CDE-MIN.udb
index 8dcaaf651..409e26c11 100644
--- a/cde/databases/CDE-MIN.udb
+++ b/cde/databases/CDE-MIN.udb
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ programs/dtksh/dtksh
 	mode = 0555
 }
 #
-programs/dtksh/suid_exec
+programs/dtksh/ksh93/bin/suid_exec
 { default
 	install_target = /usr/dt/bin/suid_exec
 	owner = root
diff --git a/cde/programs/dtksh/Imakefile b/cde/programs/dtksh/Imakefile
index 298ccc806..177019904 100644
--- a/cde/programs/dtksh/Imakefile
+++ b/cde/programs/dtksh/Imakefile
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ LOCAL_LIBRARIES = $(DTHELPLIB) $(DTWIDGETLIB) $(DTSVCLIB) $(DTPRINTLIB) \
 		  $(KSH93SRC)/lib/libcmd.a  $(KSH93SRC)/lib/libast.a \
 		  $(KSH93SRC)/lib/libdll.a libshell.a
 
-EXTRA_DEFINES = -DKSHELL -DSHOPT_RAWONLY
+EXTRA_DEFINES = -DKSHELL -DSHOPT_RAWONLY '-DAST_VERSION=20111111'
 
 EXTRA_INCLUDES = -I$(DTHELPSRC) -I$(DTPRINTSRC)
 
@@ -70,8 +70,7 @@ KSH93LIBSHELL = $(KSH93SRC)/lib/libshell.a
 
 PROGRAMS = dtksh
 
-SRCS = 		init.c \
-		widget.c \
+SRCS = 		widget.c \
 		dtkcvt.c \
 		dtkcmds.c \
 		XtCvtrs.c \
@@ -84,6 +83,7 @@ SRCS = 		init.c \
 
 OBJS =  \
 		pmain.o \
+		init.o \
 		libshell.a \
 		widget.o \
 		dtkcvt.o \
@@ -106,8 +106,9 @@ libshell.a: $(KSH93LIBSHELL) init.o
 
 pmain.o:
 	cd ksh93; ./bin/package flat make CCFLAGS='$(SUIDEXECDEFINES) -g'
+	cp ./ksh93/src/cmd/ksh93/sh/init.c init.c
+	patch -u init.c -i init.patch
 	./setup.sh
-	cp ./ksh93/bin/suid_exec suid_exec
 
 SpecialObjectRule(init.o, $(NULL), -DSHOPT_STATS -DSHOPT_NAMESPACE -DSHOPT_2DMATCH -DSHOPT_PFSH -DSHOPT_MULTIBYTE -DSHOPT_BGX -DSHOPT_AUDIT '-D_API_ast=20100309' -D_PACKAGE_ast -DSHOPT_DYNAMIC -D_BLD_shell -DSHOPT_KIA -DKSHELL -DSHOPT_HISTEXPAND -DSHOPT_EDPREDICT -DSHOPT_ESH -DSHOPT_VSH -DSHOPT_FIXEDARRAY '-DERROR_CONTEXT_T=Error_context_t' -DSHOPT_SUID_EXEC -DSHOPT_BRACEPAT -DBUILD_DTKSH -l$(KSH93SRC)/lib/libcmd.a  -l$(KSH93SRC)/lib/libast.a -l$(KSH93SRC)/lib/libdll.a)
 
@@ -115,5 +116,5 @@ ComplexProgramTarget($(PROGRAMS))
 
 clean::
 	cd ksh93; ./bin/package flat clean
-	rm -f suid_exec
+	rm -f init.c
 	rm -rf FEATURE
diff --git a/cde/programs/dtksh/init.c b/cde/programs/dtksh/init.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f05ce1fb..000000000
--- a/cde/programs/dtksh/init.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2142 +0,0 @@
-/***********************************************************************
-*                                                                      *
-*               This software is part of the ast package               *
-*          Copyright (c) 1982-2012 AT&T Intellectual Property          *
-*                      and is licensed under the                       *
-*                 Eclipse Public License, Version 1.0                  *
-*                    by AT&T Intellectual Property                     *
-*                                                                      *
-*                A copy of the License is available at                 *
-*          http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/epl-v10.html           *
-*         (with md5 checksum b35adb5213ca9657e911e9befb180842)         *
-*                                                                      *
-*              Information and Software Systems Research               *
-*                            AT&T Research                             *
-*                           Florham Park NJ                            *
-*                                                                      *
-*                  David Korn <dgk@research.att.com>                   *
-*                                                                      *
-***********************************************************************/
-#pragma prototyped
-/*
- *
- * Shell initialization
- *
- *   David Korn
- *   AT&T Labs
- *
- */
-
-#include        "defs.h"
-#include        <stak.h>
-#include        <ccode.h>
-#include        <pwd.h>
-#include        <tmx.h>
-#include        <regex.h>
-#include        "variables.h"
-#include        "path.h"
-#include        "fault.h"
-#include        "name.h"
-#include	"edit.h"
-#include	"jobs.h"
-#include	"io.h"
-#include	"shlex.h"
-#include	"builtins.h"
-#include	"FEATURE/time"
-#include	"FEATURE/dynamic"
-#include	"FEATURE/externs"
-#include	"lexstates.h"
-#include	"version.h"
-
-#ifdef BUILD_DTKSH
-#include <Dt/DtNlUtils.h>
-#include <Dt/EnvControlP.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <nl_types.h>
-#include <X11/X.h>
-#include <X11/Intrinsic.h>
-#include <X11/IntrinsicP.h>
-#include <X11/CoreP.h>
-#include <X11/StringDefs.h>
-#include <Xm/XmStrDefs.h>
-#include <setjmp.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <Xm/Xm.h>
-#include <Xm/Protocols.h>
-#include "hash.h"
-#include "stdio.h"
-
-#define NO_AST
-#include "dtksh.h"
-#undef NO_AST
-#include "xmksh.h"
-#include "dtkcmds.h"
-#include "xmcvt.h"
-#include "widget.h"
-#include "extra.h"
-#include "xmwidgets.h"
-#include "msgs.h"
-#include <locale.h>
-#endif
-
-#if _hdr_wctype
-#include	<ast_wchar.h>
-#include	<wctype.h>
-#endif
-#if !_typ_wctrans_t
-#undef	wctrans_t
-#define wctrans_t	sh_wctrans_t
-typedef long wctrans_t;
-#endif
-#if !_lib_wctrans
-#undef	wctrans
-#define wctrans		sh_wctrans
-static wctrans_t wctrans(const char *name)
-{
-	if(strcmp(name,e_tolower)==0)
-		return(1);
-	else if(strcmp(name,e_toupper)==0)
-		return(2);
-	return(0);
-}
-#endif
-#if !_lib_towctrans
-#undef	towctrans
-#define towctrans	sh_towctrans
-static int towctrans(int c, wctrans_t t)
-{
-	if(t==1 && isupper(c))
-		c = tolower(c);
-	else if(t==2 && islower(c))
-		c = toupper(c);
-	return(c);
-}
-#endif
-
-char e_version[]	= "\n@(#)$Id: Version "
-#if SHOPT_AUDIT
-#define ATTRS		1
-			"A"
-#endif
-#if SHOPT_BGX
-#define ATTRS		1
-			"J"
-#endif
-#if SHOPT_ACCT
-#define ATTRS		1
-			"L"
-#endif
-#if SHOPT_MULTIBYTE
-#define ATTRS		1
-			"M"
-#endif
-#if SHOPT_PFSH && _hdr_exec_attr
-#define ATTRS		1
-			"P"
-#endif
-#if SHOPT_REGRESS
-#define ATTRS		1
-			"R"
-#endif
-#if ATTRS
-			" "
-#endif
-			SH_RELEASE " $\0\n";
-
-#define RANDMASK	0x7fff
-
-#ifndef ARG_MAX
-#   define ARG_MAX	(1*1024*1024)
-#endif
-#ifndef CHILD_MAX
-#   define CHILD_MAX	(1*1024)
-#endif
-#ifndef CLK_TCK
-#   define CLK_TCK	60
-#endif /* CLK_TCK */
-
-#ifndef environ
-    extern char	**environ;
-#endif
-
-#undef	getconf
-#define getconf(x)	strtol(astconf(x,NiL,NiL),NiL,0)
-
-struct seconds
-{
-	Namfun_t	hdr;
-	Shell_t		*sh;
-};
-
-struct rand
-{
-	Namfun_t	hdr;
-	Shell_t		*sh;
-	int32_t		rand_last;
-};
-
-struct ifs
-{
-	Namfun_t	hdr;
-	Namval_t	*ifsnp;
-};
-
-struct match
-{
-	Namfun_t	hdr;
-	const char	*v;
-	char		*val;
-	char		*rval[2];
-	regoff_t	*match;
-	char		node[NV_MINSZ+sizeof(char*)];
-	regoff_t	first;
-	int		vsize;
-	int		nmatch;
-	int		index;
-	int		lastsub[2];
-};
-
-typedef struct _init_
-{
-	Shell_t		*sh;
-	struct ifs	IFS_init;
-	Namfun_t	PATH_init;
-	Namfun_t	FPATH_init;
-	Namfun_t	CDPATH_init;
-	Namfun_t	SHELL_init;
-	Namfun_t	ENV_init;
-	Namfun_t	VISUAL_init;
-	Namfun_t	EDITOR_init;
-	Namfun_t	HISTFILE_init;
-	Namfun_t	HISTSIZE_init;
-	Namfun_t	OPTINDEX_init;
-	struct seconds	SECONDS_init;
-	struct rand	RAND_init;
-	Namfun_t	LINENO_init;
-	Namfun_t	L_ARG_init;
-	Namfun_t	SH_VERSION_init;
-	struct match	SH_MATCH_init;
-	Namfun_t	SH_MATH_init;
-#ifdef _hdr_locale
-	Namfun_t	LC_TYPE_init;
-	Namfun_t	LC_NUM_init;
-	Namfun_t	LC_COLL_init;
-	Namfun_t	LC_MSG_init;
-	Namfun_t	LC_ALL_init;
-	Namfun_t	LANG_init;
-#endif /* _hdr_locale */
-} Init_t;
-
-static Init_t		*ip;
-static int		lctype;
-static int		nbltins;
-static char		*env_init(Shell_t*);
-static void		env_import_attributes(Shell_t*,char*);
-static Init_t		*nv_init(Shell_t*);
-static int		shlvl;
-
-#ifdef _WINIX
-#   define EXE	"?(.exe)"
-#else
-#   define EXE
-#endif
-
-static int		rand_shift;
-
-
-/*
- * out of memory routine for stak routines
- */
-static char *nospace(int unused)
-{
-	NOT_USED(unused);
-	errormsg(SH_DICT,ERROR_exit(3),e_nospace);
-	return(NIL(char*));
-}
-
-/* Trap for VISUAL and EDITOR variables */
-static void put_ed(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register const char *cp, *name=nv_name(np);
-	register int	newopt=0;
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	if(*name=='E' && nv_getval(sh_scoped(shp,VISINOD)))
-		goto done;
-	if(!(cp=val) && (*name=='E' || !(cp=nv_getval(sh_scoped(shp,EDITNOD)))))
-		goto done;
-	/* turn on vi or emacs option if editor name is either*/
-	cp = path_basename(cp);
-	if(strmatch(cp,"*[Vv][Ii]*"))
-		newopt=SH_VI;
-	else if(strmatch(cp,"*gmacs*"))
-		newopt=SH_GMACS;
-	else if(strmatch(cp,"*macs*"))
-		newopt=SH_EMACS;
-	if(newopt)
-	{
-		sh_offoption(SH_VI);
-		sh_offoption(SH_EMACS);
-		sh_offoption(SH_GMACS);
-		sh_onoption(newopt);
-	}
-done:
-	nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-}
-
-/* Trap for HISTFILE and HISTSIZE variables */
-static void put_history(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	void 	*histopen = shp->gd->hist_ptr;
-	char	*cp;
-	if(val && histopen)
-	{
-		if(np==HISTFILE && (cp=nv_getval(np)) && strcmp(val,cp)==0)
-			return;
-		if(np==HISTSIZE && sh_arith(shp,val)==nv_getnum(HISTSIZE))
-			return;
-		hist_close(shp->gd->hist_ptr);
-	}
-	nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-	if(histopen)
-	{
-		if(val)
-			sh_histinit(shp);
-		else
-			hist_close(histopen);
-	}
-}
-
-/* Trap for OPTINDEX */
-static void put_optindex(Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	shp->st.opterror = shp->st.optchar = 0;
-	nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-	if(!val)
-		nv_disc(np,fp,NV_POP);
-}
-
-static Sfdouble_t nget_optindex(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	return((Sfdouble_t)*np->nvalue.lp);
-}
-
-static Namfun_t *clone_optindex(Namval_t* np, Namval_t *mp, int flags, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Namfun_t *dp = (Namfun_t*)malloc(sizeof(Namfun_t));
-	memcpy((void*)dp,(void*)fp,sizeof(Namfun_t));
-	mp->nvalue.lp = np->nvalue.lp;
-	dp->nofree = 0;
-	return(dp);
-}
-
-
-/* Trap for restricted variables FPATH, PATH, SHELL, ENV */
-static void put_restricted(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	int	path_scoped = 0, fpath_scoped=0;
-	Pathcomp_t *pp;
-	char *name = nv_name(np);
-	if(!(flags&NV_RDONLY) && sh_isoption(SH_RESTRICTED))
-		errormsg(SH_DICT,ERROR_exit(1),e_restricted,nv_name(np));
-	if(np==PATHNOD	|| (path_scoped=(strcmp(name,PATHNOD->nvname)==0)))
-	{
-		/* Clear the hash table */
-		nv_scan(shp->track_tree,nv_rehash,(void*)0,NV_TAGGED,NV_TAGGED);
-		if(path_scoped && !val)
-			val = PATHNOD->nvalue.cp;
-	}
-	if(val && !(flags&NV_RDONLY) && np->nvalue.cp && strcmp(val,np->nvalue.cp)==0)
-		 return;
-	if(np==FPATHNOD	|| (fpath_scoped=(strcmp(name,FPATHNOD->nvname)==0)))
-		shp->pathlist = (void*)path_unsetfpath(shp);
-	nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-	shp->universe = 0;
-	if(shp->pathlist)
-	{
-		val = np->nvalue.cp;
-		if(np==PATHNOD || path_scoped)
-			pp = (void*)path_addpath(shp,(Pathcomp_t*)shp->pathlist,val,PATH_PATH);
-		else if(val && (np==FPATHNOD || fpath_scoped))
-			pp = (void*)path_addpath(shp,(Pathcomp_t*)shp->pathlist,val,PATH_FPATH);
-		else
-			return;
-		if(shp->pathlist = (void*)pp)
-			pp->shp = shp;
-		if(!val && (flags&NV_NOSCOPE))
-		{
-			Namval_t *mp = dtsearch(shp->var_tree,np);
-			if(mp && (val=nv_getval(mp)))
-				nv_putval(mp,val,NV_RDONLY);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void put_cdpath(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Pathcomp_t *pp;
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-	if(!shp->cdpathlist)
-		return;
-	val = np->nvalue.cp;
-	pp = (void*)path_addpath(shp,(Pathcomp_t*)shp->cdpathlist,val,PATH_CDPATH);
-	if(shp->cdpathlist = (void*)pp)
-		pp->shp = shp;
-}
-
-#ifdef _hdr_locale
-    /*
-     * This function needs to be modified to handle international
-     * error message translations
-     */
-    static char* msg_translate(const char* catalog, const char* message)
-    {
-	NOT_USED(catalog);
-	return((char*)message);
-    }
-
-    /* Trap for LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, LC_COLLATE and LANG */
-    static void put_lang(Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-    {
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	int type;
-	char *name = nv_name(np);
-	if(name==(LCALLNOD)->nvname)
-		type = LC_ALL;
-	else if(name==(LCTYPENOD)->nvname)
-		type = LC_CTYPE;
-	else if(name==(LCMSGNOD)->nvname)
-		type = LC_MESSAGES;
-	else if(name==(LCCOLLNOD)->nvname)
-		type = LC_COLLATE;
-	else if(name==(LCNUMNOD)->nvname)
-		type = LC_NUMERIC;
-#ifdef LC_LANG
-	else if(name==(LANGNOD)->nvname)
-		type = LC_LANG;
-#else
-#define LC_LANG		LC_ALL
-	else if(name==(LANGNOD)->nvname && (!(name=nv_getval(LCALLNOD)) || !*name))
-		type = LC_LANG;
-#endif
-	else
-		type= -1;
-	if(!sh_isstate(SH_INIT) && (type>=0 || type==LC_ALL || type==LC_LANG))
-	{
-		char*		r;
-#ifdef AST_LC_setenv
-		ast.locale.set |= AST_LC_setenv;
-#endif
-		r = setlocale(type,val?val:"");
-#ifdef AST_LC_setenv
-		ast.locale.set ^= AST_LC_setenv;
-#endif
-		if(!r && val)
-		{
-			if(!sh_isstate(SH_INIT) || shp->login_sh==0)
-				errormsg(SH_DICT,0,e_badlocale,val);
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-	nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-	if(CC_NATIVE!=CC_ASCII && (type==LC_ALL || type==LC_LANG || type==LC_CTYPE))
-	{
-		if(sh_lexstates[ST_BEGIN]!=sh_lexrstates[ST_BEGIN])
-			free((void*)sh_lexstates[ST_BEGIN]);
-		lctype++;
-		if(ast.locale.set&(1<<AST_LC_CTYPE))
-		{
-			register int c;
-			char *state[4];
-			sh_lexstates[ST_BEGIN] = state[0] = (char*)malloc(4*(1<<CHAR_BIT));
-			memcpy(state[0],sh_lexrstates[ST_BEGIN],(1<<CHAR_BIT));
-			sh_lexstates[ST_NAME] = state[1] = state[0] + (1<<CHAR_BIT);
-			memcpy(state[1],sh_lexrstates[ST_NAME],(1<<CHAR_BIT));
-			sh_lexstates[ST_DOL] = state[2] = state[1] + (1<<CHAR_BIT);
-			memcpy(state[2],sh_lexrstates[ST_DOL],(1<<CHAR_BIT));
-			sh_lexstates[ST_BRACE] = state[3] = state[2] + (1<<CHAR_BIT);
-			memcpy(state[3],sh_lexrstates[ST_BRACE],(1<<CHAR_BIT));
-			for(c=0; c<(1<<CHAR_BIT); c++)
-			{
-				if(state[0][c]!=S_REG)
-					continue;
-				if(state[2][c]!=S_ERR)
-					continue;
-				if(isblank(c))
-				{
-					state[0][c]=0;
-					state[1][c]=S_BREAK;
-					state[2][c]=S_BREAK;
-					continue;
-				}
-				if(!isalpha(c))
-					continue;
-				state[0][c]=S_NAME;
-				if(state[1][c]==S_REG)
-					state[1][c]=0;
-				state[2][c]=S_ALP;
-				if(state[3][c]==S_ERR)
-					state[3][c]=0;
-			}
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			sh_lexstates[ST_BEGIN]=(char*)sh_lexrstates[ST_BEGIN];
-			sh_lexstates[ST_NAME]=(char*)sh_lexrstates[ST_NAME];
-			sh_lexstates[ST_DOL]=(char*)sh_lexrstates[ST_DOL];
-			sh_lexstates[ST_BRACE]=(char*)sh_lexrstates[ST_BRACE];
-		}
-	}
-    }
-#endif /* _hdr_locale */
-
-/* Trap for IFS assignment and invalidates state table */
-static void put_ifs(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register struct ifs *ip = (struct ifs*)fp;
-	ip->ifsnp = 0;
-	if(!val)
-	{
-		fp = nv_stack(np, NIL(Namfun_t*));
-		if(fp && !fp->nofree)
-		{
-			free((void*)fp);
-			fp = 0;
-		}
-	}
-	if(val != np->nvalue.cp)
-		nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-	if(!val)
-	{
-		if(fp)
-			fp->next = np->nvfun;
-		np->nvfun = fp;
-	}
-}
-
-/*
- * This is the lookup function for IFS
- * It keeps the sh.ifstable up to date
- */
-static char* get_ifs(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register struct ifs *ip = (struct ifs*)fp;
-	register char *cp, *value;
-	register int c,n;
-	register Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	value = nv_getv(np,fp);
-	if(np!=ip->ifsnp)
-	{
-		ip->ifsnp = np;
-		memset(shp->ifstable,0,(1<<CHAR_BIT));
-		if(cp=value)
-		{
-			while(n = mbsize(cp), c = *(unsigned char*)cp++)
-			{
-				if(n>1)
-				{
-					cp += (n-1);
-					shp->ifstable[c] = S_MBYTE;
-					continue;
-				}
-				n = S_DELIM;
-				if(c== *cp)
-					cp++;
-				else if(c=='\n')
-					n = S_NL;
-				else if(isspace(c))
-					n = S_SPACE;
-				shp->ifstable[c] = n;
-			}
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			shp->ifstable[' '] = shp->ifstable['\t'] = S_SPACE;
-			shp->ifstable['\n'] = S_NL;
-		}
-		shp->ifstable[0] = S_EOF;
-	}
-	return(value);
-}
-
-/*
- * these functions are used to get and set the SECONDS variable
- */
-#ifdef timeofday
-#   define dtime(tp) ((double)((tp)->tv_sec)+1e-6*((double)((tp)->tv_usec)))
-#   define tms	timeval
-#else
-#   define dtime(tp)	(((double)times(tp))/shgd->lim.clk_tck)
-#   define timeofday(a)
-#endif
-
-static void put_seconds(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	double d;
-	struct tms tp;
-	if(!val)
-	{
-		nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-		fp = nv_stack(np, NIL(Namfun_t*));
-		if(fp && !fp->nofree)
-			free((void*)fp);
-		return;
-	}
-	if(!np->nvalue.dp)
-	{
-		nv_setsize(np,3);
-		nv_onattr(np,NV_DOUBLE);
-		np->nvalue.dp = new_of(double,0);
-	}
-	nv_putv(np, val, flags, fp);
-	d = *np->nvalue.dp;
-	timeofday(&tp);
-	*np->nvalue.dp = dtime(&tp)-d;
-}
-
-static char* get_seconds(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	register int places = nv_size(np);
-	struct tms tp;
-	double d, offset = (np->nvalue.dp?*np->nvalue.dp:0);
-	NOT_USED(fp);
-	timeofday(&tp);
-	d = dtime(&tp)- offset;
-	sfprintf(shp->strbuf,"%.*f",places,d);
-	return(sfstruse(shp->strbuf));
-}
-
-static Sfdouble_t nget_seconds(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	struct tms tp;
-	double offset = (np->nvalue.dp?*np->nvalue.dp:0);
-	NOT_USED(fp);
-	timeofday(&tp);
-	return(dtime(&tp)- offset);
-}
-
-/*
- * These three functions are used to get and set the RANDOM variable
- */
-static void put_rand(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	struct rand *rp = (struct rand*)fp;
-	register long n;
-	if(!val)
-	{
-		fp = nv_stack(np, NIL(Namfun_t*));
-		if(fp && !fp->nofree)
-			free((void*)fp);
-		_nv_unset(np,NV_RDONLY);
-		return;
-	}
-	if(flags&NV_INTEGER)
-		n = *(double*)val;
-	else
-		n = sh_arith(rp->sh,val);
-	srand((int)(n&RANDMASK));
-	rp->rand_last = -1;
-	if(!np->nvalue.lp)
-		np->nvalue.lp = &rp->rand_last;
-}
-
-/*
- * get random number in range of 0 - 2**15
- * never pick same number twice in a row
- */
-static Sfdouble_t nget_rand(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register long cur, last= *np->nvalue.lp;
-	NOT_USED(fp);
-	do
-		cur = (rand()>>rand_shift)&RANDMASK;
-	while(cur==last);
-	*np->nvalue.lp = cur;
-	return((Sfdouble_t)cur);
-}
-
-static char* get_rand(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register long n = nget_rand(np,fp);
-	return(fmtbase(n, 10, 0));
-}
-
-/*
- * These three routines are for LINENO
- */
-static Sfdouble_t nget_lineno(Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	double d=1;
-	if(error_info.line >0)
-		d = error_info.line;
-	else if(error_info.context && error_info.context->line>0)
-		d = error_info.context->line;
-	NOT_USED(np);
-	NOT_USED(fp);
-	return(d);
-}
-
-static void put_lineno(Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register long n;
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	if(!val)
-	{
-		fp = nv_stack(np, NIL(Namfun_t*));
-		if(fp && !fp->nofree)
-			free((void*)fp);
-		_nv_unset(np,NV_RDONLY);
-		return;
-	}
-	if(flags&NV_INTEGER)
-		n = *(double*)val;
-	else
-		n = sh_arith(shp,val);
-	shp->st.firstline += nget_lineno(np,fp)+1-n;
-}
-
-static char* get_lineno(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register long n = nget_lineno(np,fp);
-	return(fmtbase(n, 10, 0));
-}
-
-static char* get_lastarg(Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t	*shp = sh_getinterp();
-	char	*cp;
-	int	pid;
-        if(sh_isstate(SH_INIT) && (cp=shp->lastarg) && *cp=='*' && (pid=strtol(cp+1,&cp,10)) && *cp=='*')
-		nv_putval(np,cp+1,0);
-	return(shp->lastarg);
-}
-
-static void put_lastarg(Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t *shp = sh_getinterp();
-	if(flags&NV_INTEGER)
-	{
-		sfprintf(shp->strbuf,"%.*g",12,*((double*)val));
-		val = sfstruse(shp->strbuf);
-	}
-	if(val)
-		val = strdup(val);
-	if(shp->lastarg && !nv_isattr(np,NV_NOFREE))
-		free((void*)shp->lastarg);
-	else
-		nv_offattr(np,NV_NOFREE);
-	shp->lastarg = (char*)val;
-	nv_offattr(np,NV_EXPORT);
-	np->nvenv = 0;
-}
-
-static int hasgetdisc(register Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-        while(fp && !fp->disc->getnum && !fp->disc->getval)
-                fp = fp->next;
-	return(fp!=0);
-}
-
-/*
- * store the most recent value for use in .sh.match
- * treat .sh.match as a two dimensional array
- */
-void sh_setmatch(Shell_t *shp,const char *v, int vsize, int nmatch, regoff_t match[],int index)
-{
-	struct match	*mp = &ip->SH_MATCH_init;
-	Namval_t	*np = nv_namptr(mp->node,0);
-	register int	i,n,x;
-	unsigned int	savesub = shp->subshell;
-	Namarr_t	*ap = nv_arrayptr(SH_MATCHNOD);
-	shp->subshell = 0;
-#ifndef SHOPT_2DMATCH
-	index = 0;
-#else
-	if(index==0)
-#endif /* SHOPT_2DMATCH */
-	{
-		if(ap->hdr.next != &mp->hdr)
-		{
-			free((void*)ap);
-			ap = nv_arrayptr(np);
-			SH_MATCHNOD->nvfun = &ap->hdr;
-		}
-		if(ap)
-		{
-			ap->nelem &= ~ARRAY_SCAN;
-			i = array_elem(ap);
-			ap->nelem++;
-			while(--i>= 0)
-			{
-				nv_putsub(SH_MATCHNOD, (char*)0,i);
-				_nv_unset(SH_MATCHNOD,NV_RDONLY);
-			}
-			ap->nelem--;
-		}
-		if(!nv_hasdisc(SH_MATCHNOD,mp->hdr.disc))
-			nv_disc(SH_MATCHNOD,&mp->hdr,NV_LAST);
-		if(nmatch)
-			nv_putsub(SH_MATCHNOD, NIL(char*), (nmatch-1)|ARRAY_FILL|ARRAY_SETSUB);
-		ap = nv_arrayptr(SH_MATCHNOD);
-		ap->nelem = mp->nmatch = nmatch;
-		mp->v = v;
-		mp->first = match[0];
-	}
-#ifdef SHOPT_2DMATCH
-	else
-	{
-		if(index==1)
-		{
-			np->nvalue.cp = Empty;
-			np->nvfun = SH_MATCHNOD->nvfun;
-			nv_onattr(np,NV_NOFREE|NV_ARRAY);
-			SH_MATCHNOD->nvfun = 0;
-			for(i=0; i < mp->nmatch; i++)
-			{
-				nv_putsub(SH_MATCHNOD, (char*)0, i);
-				nv_arraychild(SH_MATCHNOD, np,0);
-			}
-			if(ap = nv_arrayptr(SH_MATCHNOD))
-				ap->nelem = mp->nmatch;
-		}
-		ap = nv_arrayptr(np);
-		nv_putsub(np, NIL(char*), index|ARRAY_FILL|ARRAY_SETSUB);
-	}
-#endif /* SHOPT_2DMATCH */
-	shp->subshell = savesub;
-	index *= 2*mp->nmatch;
-	if(mp->nmatch)
-	{
-		for(n=mp->first+(mp->v-v),vsize=0,i=0; i < 2*nmatch; i++)
-		{
-			if(match[i]>=0 && (match[i] - n) > vsize)
-				vsize = match[i] -n;
-		}
-		i = (index+2*mp->nmatch)*sizeof(match[0]);
-		if((i+vsize) >= mp->vsize)
-		{
-			if(mp->vsize)
-				mp->match = (int*)realloc(mp->match,i+vsize+1);
-			else
-				mp->match = (int*)malloc(i+vsize+1);
-			mp->vsize = i+vsize+1;
-		}
-		mp->val =  ((char*)mp->match)+i;
-		memcpy(mp->match+index,match,nmatch*2*sizeof(match[0]));
-		for(x=0,i=0; i < 2*nmatch; i++)
-		{
-			if(match[i]>=0)
-				mp->match[index+i] -= n;
-			else
-				x=1;
-
-		}
-		ap->nelem -= x;
-		while(i < 2*mp->nmatch)
-			mp->match[index+i++] = -1;
-		memcpy(mp->val,v+n,vsize);
-		mp->val[vsize] = 0;
-		mp->lastsub[0] = mp->lastsub[1] = -1;
-	}
-}
-
-#define array_scan(np)	((nv_arrayptr(np)->nelem&ARRAY_SCAN))
-
-static char* get_match(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	struct match	*mp = (struct match*)fp;
-	int		sub,sub2=0,n,i =!mp->index;
-	char		*val;
-	sub = nv_aindex(SH_MATCHNOD);
-	if(np!=SH_MATCHNOD)
-		sub2 = nv_aindex(np);
-	if(sub>=mp->nmatch)
-		return(0);
-	if(sub2>0)
-		sub += sub2*mp->nmatch;
-	if(sub==mp->lastsub[!i])
-		return(mp->rval[!i]);
-	else if(sub==mp->lastsub[i])
-		return(mp->rval[i]);
-	n = mp->match[2*sub+1]-mp->match[2*sub];
-	if(n<=0)
-		return(mp->match[2*sub]<0?Empty:"");
-	val = mp->val+mp->match[2*sub];
-	if(mp->val[mp->match[2*sub+1]]==0)
-		return(val);
-	mp->index = i;
-	if(mp->rval[i])
-	{
-		free((void*)mp->rval[i]);
-		mp->rval[i] = 0;
-	}
-	mp->rval[i] = (char*)malloc(n+1);
-	mp->lastsub[i] = sub;
-	memcpy(mp->rval[i],val,n);
-	mp->rval[i][n] = 0;
-	return(mp->rval[i]);
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t SH_MATCH_disc  = { sizeof(struct match), 0, get_match };
-
-static char* get_version(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	return(nv_getv(np,fp));
-}
-
-static Sfdouble_t nget_version(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	register const char	*cp = e_version + strlen(e_version)-10;
-	register int		c;
-	Sflong_t		t = 0;
-	NOT_USED(fp);
-
-	while (c = *cp++)
-		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-		{
-			t *= 10;
-			t += c - '0';
-		}
-	return((Sfdouble_t)t);
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t SH_VERSION_disc	= {  0, 0, get_version, nget_version };
-
-
-static const Namdisc_t IFS_disc		= {  sizeof(struct ifs), put_ifs, get_ifs };
-const Namdisc_t RESTRICTED_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_restricted };
-static const Namdisc_t CDPATH_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_cdpath };
-static const Namdisc_t EDITOR_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_ed };
-static const Namdisc_t HISTFILE_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_history };
-static const Namdisc_t OPTINDEX_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_optindex, 0, nget_optindex, 0, 0, clone_optindex };
-static const Namdisc_t SECONDS_disc	= {  sizeof(struct seconds), put_seconds, get_seconds, nget_seconds };
-static const Namdisc_t RAND_disc	= {  sizeof(struct rand), put_rand, get_rand, nget_rand };
-static const Namdisc_t LINENO_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_lineno, get_lineno, nget_lineno };
-static const Namdisc_t L_ARG_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_lastarg, get_lastarg };
-
-
-#define MAX_MATH_ARGS	3
-
-static char *name_math(Namval_t *np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t		*shp = sh_getinterp();
-	sfprintf(shp->strbuf,".sh.math.%s",np->nvname);
-	return(sfstruse(shp->strbuf));
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t	math_child_disc =
-{
-	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
-	name_math
-};
-
-static Namfun_t	 math_child_fun =
-{
-	&math_child_disc, 1, 0, sizeof(Namfun_t)
-};
-
-static void math_init(Shell_t *shp)
-{
-	Namval_t	*np;
-	char		*name;
-	int		i;
-	shp->mathnodes = (char*)calloc(1,MAX_MATH_ARGS*(NV_MINSZ+5));
-	name = shp->mathnodes+MAX_MATH_ARGS*NV_MINSZ;
-	for(i=0; i < MAX_MATH_ARGS; i++)
-	{
-		np = nv_namptr(shp->mathnodes,i);
-		np->nvfun = &math_child_fun;
-		memcpy(name,"arg",3);
-		name[3] = '1'+i;
-		np->nvname = name;
-		name+=5;
-		nv_onattr(np,NV_MINIMAL|NV_NOFREE|NV_LDOUBLE|NV_RDONLY);
-	}
-}
-
-static Namval_t *create_math(Namval_t *np,const char *name,int flag,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t		*shp = sh_getinterp();
-	if(!name)
-		return(SH_MATHNOD);
-	if(name[0]!='a' || name[1]!='r' || name[2]!='g' || name[4] || !isdigit(name[3]) || (name[3]=='0' || (name[3]-'0')>MAX_MATH_ARGS))
-		return(0);
-	fp->last = (char*)&name[4];
-	return(nv_namptr(shp->mathnodes,name[3]-'1'));
-}
-
-static char* get_math(register Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t		*shp = sh_getinterp();
-	Namval_t	*mp,fake;
-	char		*val;
-	int		first=0;
-	fake.nvname = ".sh.math.";
-	mp = (Namval_t*)dtprev(shp->fun_tree,&fake);
-	while(mp=(Namval_t*)dtnext(shp->fun_tree,mp))
-	{
-		if(memcmp(mp->nvname,".sh.math.",9))
-			break;
-		if(first++)
-			sfputc(shp->strbuf,' ');
-		sfputr(shp->strbuf,mp->nvname+9,-1);
-	}
-	val = sfstruse(shp->strbuf);
-	return(val);
-
-}
-
-static char *setdisc_any(Namval_t *np, const char *event, Namval_t *action, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t		*shp=sh_getinterp();
-	Namval_t	*mp,fake;
-	char		*name;
-	int		getname=0, off=staktell();
-	fake.nvname = nv_name(np);
-	if(!event)
-	{
-		if(!action)
-		{
-			mp = (Namval_t*)dtprev(shp->fun_tree,&fake);
-			return((char*)dtnext(shp->fun_tree,mp));
-		}
-		getname = 1;
-	}
-	stakputs(fake.nvname);
-	stakputc('.');
-	stakputs(event);
-	stakputc(0);
-	name  = stakptr(off);
-	mp = nv_search(name, shp->fun_tree, action?NV_ADD:0);
-	stakseek(off);
-	if(getname)
-		return(mp?(char*)dtnext(shp->fun_tree,mp):0);
-	if(action==np)
-		action = mp;
-	return(action?(char*)action:"");
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t SH_MATH_disc  = { 0, 0, get_math, 0, setdisc_any, create_math, };
-
-#if SHOPT_NAMESPACE
-    static char* get_nspace(Namval_t* np, Namfun_t *fp)
-    {
-	if(sh.namespace)
-		return(nv_name(sh.namespace));
-	return((char*)np->nvalue.cp);
-    }
-    static const Namdisc_t NSPACE_disc	= {  0, 0, get_nspace };
-    static Namfun_t NSPACE_init	= {  &NSPACE_disc, 1};
-#endif /* SHOPT_NAMESPACE */
-
-#ifdef _hdr_locale
-    static const Namdisc_t LC_disc	= {  sizeof(Namfun_t), put_lang };
-#endif /* _hdr_locale */
-
-/*
- * This function will get called whenever a configuration parameter changes
- */
-static int newconf(const char *name, const char *path, const char *value)
-{
-	Shell_t	*shp = sh_getinterp();
-	register char *arg;
-	if(!name)
-		setenviron(value);
-	else if(strcmp(name,"UNIVERSE")==0 && strcmp(astconf(name,0,0),value))
-	{
-		shp->universe = 0;
-		/* set directory in new universe */
-		if(*(arg = path_pwd(shp,0))=='/')
-			chdir(arg);
-		/* clear out old tracked alias */
-		stakseek(0);
-		stakputs(nv_getval(PATHNOD));
-		stakputc(0);
-		nv_putval(PATHNOD,stakseek(0),NV_RDONLY);
-	}
-	return(1);
-}
-
-#if	(CC_NATIVE != CC_ASCII)
-    static void a2e(char *d, const char *s)
-    {
-	register const unsigned char *t;
-	register int i;
-	t = CCMAP(CC_ASCII, CC_NATIVE);
-	for(i=0; i<(1<<CHAR_BIT); i++)
-		d[t[i]] = s[i];
-    }
-
-    static void init_ebcdic(void)
-    {
-	int i;
-	char *cp = (char*)malloc(ST_NONE*(1<<CHAR_BIT));
-	for(i=0; i < ST_NONE; i++)
-	{
-		a2e(cp,sh_lexrstates[i]);
-		sh_lexstates[i] = cp;
-		cp += (1<<CHAR_BIT);
-	}
-    }
-#endif
-
-/*
- * return SH_TYPE_* bitmask for path
- * 0 for "not a shell"
- */
-int sh_type(register const char *path)
-{
-	register const char*	s;
-	register int		t = 0;
-
-	if (s = (const char*)strrchr(path, '/'))
-	{
-		if (*path == '-')
-			t |= SH_TYPE_LOGIN;
-		s++;
-	}
-	else
-		s = path;
-	if (*s == '-')
-	{
-		s++;
-		t |= SH_TYPE_LOGIN;
-	}
-	for (;;)
-	{
-		if (!(t & SH_TYPE_KSH))
-		{
-			if (*s == 'k')
-			{
-				s++;
-				t |= SH_TYPE_KSH;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-		if (!(t & (SH_TYPE_PROFILE|SH_TYPE_RESTRICTED)))
-		{
-#if SHOPT_PFSH
-			if (*s == 'p' && *(s+1) == 'f')
-			{
-				s += 2;
-				t |= SH_TYPE_PROFILE;
-				continue;
-			}
-#endif
-			if (*s == 'r')
-			{
-				s++;
-				t |= SH_TYPE_RESTRICTED;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-		break;
-	}
-	if (*s++ == 's' && (*s == 'h' || *s == 'u'))
-	{
-		s++;
-		t |= SH_TYPE_SH;
-#if _WINIX
-		if (!(t & SH_TYPE_KSH) && (!*s || *s == '.'))
-#else
-		if (!(t & SH_TYPE_KSH) && !*s)
-#endif
-			t |= SH_TYPE_POSIX;
-		if ((t & SH_TYPE_KSH) && *s == '9' && *(s+1) == '3')
-			s += 2;
-#if _WINIX
-		if (*s == '.' && *(s+1) == 'e' && *(s+2) == 'x' && *(s+3) == 'e')
-			s += 4;
-#endif
-		if (!isalnum(*s))
-			return t;
-	}
-	return t & ~(SH_TYPE_KSH|SH_TYPE_PROFILE|SH_TYPE_RESTRICTED);
-}
-
-
-static char *get_mode(Namval_t* np, Namfun_t* nfp)
-{
-	mode_t mode = nv_getn(np,nfp);
-	return(fmtperm(mode));
-}
-
-static void put_mode(Namval_t* np, const char* val, int flag, Namfun_t* nfp)
-{
-	if(val)
-	{
-		mode_t mode;
-		char *last=0;
-		if(flag&NV_INTEGER)
-		{
-			if(flag&NV_LONG)
-				mode = *(Sfdouble_t*)val;
-			else
-				mode = *(double*)val;
-		}
-		else
-			mode = strperm(val, &last,0);
-		if(*last)
-			errormsg(SH_DICT,ERROR_exit(1),"%s: invalid mode string",val);
-		nv_putv(np,(char*)&mode,NV_INTEGER,nfp);
-	}
-	else
-		nv_putv(np,val,flag,nfp);
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t modedisc =
-{
-	0,
-        put_mode,
-        get_mode,
-};
-
-
-/*
- * initialize the shell
- */
-Shell_t *sh_init(register int argc,register char *argv[], Shinit_f userinit)
-{
-	static int beenhere;
-	Shell_t	*shp;
-	register int n;
-	int type;
-	char *save_envmarker;
-	static char *login_files[3];
-	memfatal();
-	n = strlen(e_version);
-	if(e_version[n-1]=='$' && e_version[n-2]==' ')
-		e_version[n-2]=0;
-#if	(CC_NATIVE == CC_ASCII)
-	memcpy(sh_lexstates,sh_lexrstates,ST_NONE*sizeof(char*));
-#else
-	init_ebcdic();
-#endif
-	if(!beenhere)
-	{
-		beenhere = 1;
-		shp = &sh;
-#if SHOPT_REGRESS
-		sh_regress_init(shp);
-#endif
-		shgd = newof(0,struct shared,1,0);
-		shgd->current_pid = shgd->pid = getpid();
-		shgd->ppid = getppid();
-		shgd->userid=getuid();
-		shgd->euserid=geteuid();
-		shgd->groupid=getgid();
-		shgd->egroupid=getegid();
-		shgd->lim.clk_tck = getconf("CLK_TCK");
-		shgd->lim.arg_max = getconf("ARG_MAX");
-		shgd->lim.child_max = getconf("CHILD_MAX");
-		shgd->lim.ngroups_max = getconf("NGROUPS_MAX");
-		shgd->lim.posix_version = getconf("VERSION");
-		shgd->lim.posix_jobcontrol = getconf("JOB_CONTROL");
-		if(shgd->lim.arg_max <=0)
-			shgd->lim.arg_max = ARG_MAX;
-		if(shgd->lim.child_max <=0)
-			shgd->lim.child_max = CHILD_MAX;
-		if(shgd->lim.clk_tck <=0)
-			shgd->lim.clk_tck = CLK_TCK;
-		shgd->ed_context = (void*)ed_open(shp);
-		error_info.exit = sh_exit;
-		error_info.id = path_basename(argv[0]);
-	}
-	else
-		shp = newof(0,Shell_t,1,0);
-	umask(shp->mask=umask(0));
-	shp->gd = shgd;
-	shp->mac_context = sh_macopen(shp);
-	shp->arg_context = sh_argopen(shp);
-	shp->lex_context = (void*)sh_lexopen(0,shp,1);
-	shp->strbuf = sfstropen();
-	shp->stk = stkstd;
-	sfsetbuf(shp->strbuf,(char*)0,64);
-	sh_onstate(SH_INIT);
-	error_info.catalog = e_dict;
-#if SHOPT_REGRESS
-	{
-		Opt_t*	nopt;
-		Opt_t*	oopt;
-		char*	a;
-		char**	av = argv;
-		char*	regress[3];
-
-		regress[0] = "__regress__";
-		regress[2] = 0;
-		/* NOTE: only shp is used by __regress__ at this point */
-		shp->bltindata.shp = shp;
-		while ((a = *++av) && a[0] == '-' && (a[1] == 'I' || a[1] == '-' && a[2] == 'r'))
-		{
-			if (a[1] == 'I')
-			{
-				if (a[2])
-					regress[1] = a + 2;
-				else if (!(regress[1] = *++av))
-					break;
-			}
-			else if (strncmp(a+2, "regress", 7))
-				break;
-			else if (a[9] == '=')
-				regress[1] = a + 10;
-			else if (!(regress[1] = *++av))
-				break;
-			nopt = optctx(0, 0);
-			oopt = optctx(nopt, 0);
-			error_info.exit = exit;  /* avoid crash on b___regress__ error as shell is not fully initialized */
-			b___regress__(2, regress, &shp->bltindata);
-			error_info.exit = sh_exit;
-			optctx(oopt, nopt);
-		}
-	}
-#endif
-	shp->cpipe[0] = -1;
-	shp->coutpipe = -1;
-	for(n=0;n < 10; n++)
-	{
-		/* don't use lower bits when rand() generates large numbers */
-		if(rand() > RANDMASK)
-		{
-			rand_shift = 3;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	sh_ioinit(shp);
-	/* initialize signal handling */
-	sh_siginit(shp);
-	stakinstall(NIL(Stak_t*),nospace);
-	/* set up memory for name-value pairs */
-	shp->init_context =  nv_init(shp);
-	/* initialize shell type */
-	if(argc>0)
-	{
-		type = sh_type(*argv);
-		if(type&SH_TYPE_LOGIN)
-			shp->login_sh = 2;
-		if(type&SH_TYPE_POSIX)
-			sh_onoption(SH_POSIX);
-	}
-	/* read the environment; don't import attributes yet, but save pointer to them */
-	save_envmarker = env_init(shp);
-	if(!ENVNOD->nvalue.cp)
-	{
-		sfprintf(shp->strbuf,"%s/.kshrc",nv_getval(HOME));
-		nv_putval(ENVNOD,sfstruse(shp->strbuf),NV_RDONLY);
-	}
-	*SHLVL->nvalue.ip +=1;
-	nv_offattr(SHLVL,NV_IMPORT);
-#if SHOPT_SPAWN
-	{
-		/*
-		 * try to find the pathname for this interpreter
-		 * try using environment variable _ or argv[0]
-		 */
-		char *cp=nv_getval(L_ARGNOD);
-		char buff[PATH_MAX+1];
-		shp->gd->shpath = 0;
-		if((n = pathprog(NiL, buff, sizeof(buff))) > 0 && n <= sizeof(buff))
-			shp->gd->shpath = strdup(buff);
-		else if((cp && (sh_type(cp)&SH_TYPE_SH)) || (argc>0 && strchr(cp= *argv,'/')))
-		{
-			if(*cp=='/')
-				shp->gd->shpath = strdup(cp);
-			else if(cp = nv_getval(PWDNOD))
-			{
-				int offset = staktell();
-				stakputs(cp);
-				stakputc('/');
-				stakputs(argv[0]);
-				pathcanon(stakptr(offset),PATH_DOTDOT);
-				shp->gd->shpath = strdup(stakptr(offset));
-				stakseek(offset);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-#endif
-	nv_putval(IFSNOD,(char*)e_sptbnl,NV_RDONLY);
-	astconfdisc(newconf);
-#if SHOPT_TIMEOUT
-	shp->st.tmout = SHOPT_TIMEOUT;
-#endif /* SHOPT_TIMEOUT */
-	/* initialize jobs table */
-	job_clear();
-	sh_onoption(SH_MULTILINE);
-	if(argc>0)
-	{
-		/* check for restricted shell */
-		if(type&SH_TYPE_RESTRICTED)
-			sh_onoption(SH_RESTRICTED);
-#if SHOPT_PFSH
-		/* check for profile shell */
-		else if(type&SH_TYPE_PROFILE)
-			sh_onoption(SH_PFSH);
-#endif
-		/* look for options */
-		/* shp->st.dolc is $#	*/
-		if((shp->st.dolc = sh_argopts(-argc,argv,shp)) < 0)
-		{
-			shp->exitval = 2;
-			sh_done(shp,0);
-		}
-		opt_info.disc = 0;
-		shp->st.dolv=argv+(argc-1)-shp->st.dolc;
-		shp->st.dolv[0] = argv[0];
-		if(shp->st.dolc < 1)
-			sh_onoption(SH_SFLAG);
-		if(!sh_isoption(SH_SFLAG))
-		{
-			shp->st.dolc--;
-			shp->st.dolv++;
-#if _WINIX
-			{
-				char*	name;
-				name = shp->st.dolv[0];
-				if(name[1]==':' && (name[2]=='/' || name[2]=='\\'))
-				{
-#if _lib_pathposix
-					char*	p;
-
-					if((n = pathposix(name, NIL(char*), 0)) > 0 && (p = (char*)malloc(++n)))
-					{
-						pathposix(name, p, n);
-						name = p;
-					}
-					else
-#endif
-					{
-						name[1] = name[0];
-						name[0] = name[2] = '/';
-					}
-				}
-			}
-#endif /* _WINIX */
-		}
-		if(beenhere==1)
-		{
-			struct lconv*	lc;
-			shp->decomma = (lc=localeconv()) && lc->decimal_point && *lc->decimal_point==',';
-			beenhere = 2;
-		}
-	}
-	/* import variable attributes from environment */
-	if(!sh_isoption(SH_POSIX))
-		env_import_attributes(shp,save_envmarker);
-#if SHOPT_PFSH
-	if (sh_isoption(SH_PFSH))
-	{
-		struct passwd *pw = getpwuid(shp->gd->userid);
-		if(pw)
-			shp->gd->user = strdup(pw->pw_name);
-
-	}
-#endif
-	/* set[ug]id scripts require the -p flag */
-	if(shp->gd->userid!=shp->gd->euserid || shp->gd->groupid!=shp->gd->egroupid)
-	{
-#ifdef SHOPT_P_SUID
-		/* require sh -p to run setuid and/or setgid */
-		if(!sh_isoption(SH_PRIVILEGED) && shp->gd->userid >= SHOPT_P_SUID)
-		{
-			setuid(shp->gd->euserid=shp->gd->userid);
-			setgid(shp->gd->egroupid=shp->gd->groupid);
-		}
-		else
-#endif /* SHOPT_P_SUID */
-			sh_onoption(SH_PRIVILEGED);
-#ifdef SHELLMAGIC
-		/* careful of #! setuid scripts with name beginning with - */
-		if(shp->login_sh && argv[1] && strcmp(argv[0],argv[1])==0)
-			errormsg(SH_DICT,ERROR_exit(1),e_prohibited);
-#endif /*SHELLMAGIC*/
-	}
-	else
-		sh_offoption(SH_PRIVILEGED);
-	/* shname for $0 in profiles and . scripts */
-	if(sh_isdevfd(argv[1]))
-		shp->shname = strdup(argv[0]);
-	else
-		shp->shname = strdup(shp->st.dolv[0]);
-	/*
-	 * return here for shell script execution
-	 * but not for parenthesis subshells
-	 */
-	error_info.id = strdup(shp->st.dolv[0]); /* error_info.id is $0 */
-	shp->jmpbuffer = (void*)&shp->checkbase;
-	sh_pushcontext(shp,&shp->checkbase,SH_JMPSCRIPT);
-	shp->st.self = &shp->global;
-        shp->topscope = (Shscope_t*)shp->st.self;
-	sh_offstate(SH_INIT);
-	login_files[0] = (char*)e_profile;
-	login_files[1] = ".profile";
-	shp->gd->login_files = login_files;
-	shp->bltindata.version = SH_VERSION;
-	shp->bltindata.shp = shp;
-	shp->bltindata.shrun = sh_run;
-	shp->bltindata.shtrap = sh_trap;
-	shp->bltindata.shexit = sh_exit;
-	shp->bltindata.shbltin = sh_addbuiltin;
-	shp->bltindata.shgetenv = sh_getenv;
-	shp->bltindata.shsetenv = sh_setenviron;
-	astintercept(&shp->bltindata,1);
-#if 0
-#define NV_MKINTTYPE(x,y,z)	nv_mkinttype(#x,sizeof(x),(x)-1<0,(y),(Namdisc_t*)z);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(pid_t,"process id",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(gid_t,"group id",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(uid_t,"user id",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(size_t,(const char*)0,0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(ssize_t,(const char*)0,0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(off_t,"offset in bytes",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(ino_t,"\ai-\anode number",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(mode_t,(const char*)0,&modedisc);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(dev_t,"device id",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(nlink_t,"hard link count",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(blkcnt_t,"block count",0);
-	NV_MKINTTYPE(time_t,"seconds since the epoch",0);
-	nv_mkstat();
-#endif
-	if(shp->userinit=userinit)
-		(*userinit)(shp, 0);
-#ifdef BUILD_DTKSH
-	int * lockedFds = LockKshFileDescriptors();
-	(void) XtSetLanguageProc((XtAppContext)NULL, (XtLanguageProc)NULL,
-                                (XtPointer)NULL);
-	DtNlInitialize();
-	_DtEnvControl(DT_ENV_SET);
-	UnlockKshFileDescriptors(lockedFds);
-
-	dtksh_init();
-#endif
-	return(shp);
-}
-
-Shell_t *sh_getinterp(void)
-{
-	return(&sh);
-}
-
-/*
- * reinitialize before executing a script
- */
-int sh_reinit(char *argv[])
-{
-	Shell_t	*shp = sh_getinterp();
-	Shopt_t opt;
-	Namval_t *np,*npnext;
-	Dt_t	*dp;
-	struct adata
-	{
-		Shell_t		*sh;
-		void		*extra[2];
-	} data;
-	for(np=dtfirst(shp->fun_tree);np;np=npnext)
-	{
-		if((dp=shp->fun_tree)->walk)
-			dp = dp->walk;
-		npnext = (Namval_t*)dtnext(shp->fun_tree,np);
-		if(np>= shgd->bltin_cmds && np < &shgd->bltin_cmds[nbltins])
-			continue;
-		if(is_abuiltin(np) && nv_isattr(np,NV_EXPORT))
-			continue;
-		if(*np->nvname=='/')
-			continue;
-		nv_delete(np,dp,NV_NOFREE);
-	}
-	dtclose(shp->alias_tree);
-	shp->alias_tree = dtopen(&_Nvdisc,Dtoset);
-	shp->last_root = shp->var_tree;
-	shp->inuse_bits = 0;
-	if(shp->userinit)
-		(*shp->userinit)(shp, 1);
-	if(shp->heredocs)
-	{
-		sfclose(shp->heredocs);
-		shp->heredocs = 0;
-	}
-	/* remove locals */
-	sh_onstate(SH_INIT);
-	memset(&data,0,sizeof(data));
-	data.sh = shp;
-	nv_scan(shp->var_tree,sh_envnolocal,(void*)&data,NV_EXPORT,0);
-	nv_scan(shp->var_tree,sh_envnolocal,(void*)&data,NV_ARRAY,NV_ARRAY);
-	sh_offstate(SH_INIT);
-	memset(shp->st.trapcom,0,(shp->st.trapmax+1)*sizeof(char*));
-	memset((void*)&opt,0,sizeof(opt));
-#if SHOPT_NAMESPACE
-	if(shp->namespace)
-	{
-		dp=nv_dict(shp->namespace);
-		if(dp==shp->var_tree)
-			shp->var_tree = dtview(dp,0);
-		_nv_unset(shp->namespace,NV_RDONLY);
-		shp->namespace = 0;
-	}
-#endif /* SHOPT_NAMESPACE */
-	if(sh_isoption(SH_TRACKALL))
-		on_option(&opt,SH_TRACKALL);
-	if(sh_isoption(SH_EMACS))
-		on_option(&opt,SH_EMACS);
-	if(sh_isoption(SH_GMACS))
-		on_option(&opt,SH_GMACS);
-	if(sh_isoption(SH_VI))
-		on_option(&opt,SH_VI);
-	if(sh_isoption(SH_VIRAW))
-		on_option(&opt,SH_VIRAW);
-	shp->options = opt;
-	/* set up new args */
-	if(argv)
-		shp->arglist = sh_argcreate(argv);
-	if(shp->arglist)
-		sh_argreset(shp,shp->arglist,NIL(struct dolnod*));
-	shp->envlist=0;
-	shp->curenv = 0;
-	shp->shname = error_info.id = strdup(shp->st.dolv[0]);
-	sh_offstate(SH_FORKED);
-	shp->fn_depth = shp->dot_depth = 0;
-	sh_sigreset(0);
-	if(!(SHLVL->nvalue.ip))
-	{
-		shlvl = 0;
-		SHLVL->nvalue.ip = &shlvl;
-		nv_onattr(SHLVL,NV_INTEGER|NV_EXPORT|NV_NOFREE);
-	}
-	*SHLVL->nvalue.ip +=1;
-	nv_offattr(SHLVL,NV_IMPORT);
-	shp->st.filename = strdup(shp->lastarg);
-	nv_delete((Namval_t*)0, (Dt_t*)0, 0);
-	job.exitval = 0;
-	shp->inpipe = shp->outpipe = 0;
-	job_clear();
-	job.in_critical = 0;
-	/* update ${.sh.pid}, $$, $PPID */
-	shgd->current_pid = shgd->pid = getpid();
-	shgd->ppid = getppid();
-	return(1);
-}
-
-/*
- * set when creating a local variable of this name
- */
-Namfun_t *nv_cover(register Namval_t *np)
-{
-	if(np==IFSNOD || np==PATHNOD || np==SHELLNOD || np==FPATHNOD || np==CDPNOD || np==SECONDS || np==ENVNOD || np==LINENO)
-		return(np->nvfun);
-#ifdef _hdr_locale
-	if(np==LCALLNOD || np==LCTYPENOD || np==LCMSGNOD || np==LCCOLLNOD || np==LCNUMNOD || np==LANGNOD)
-		return(np->nvfun);
-#endif
-	 return(0);
-}
-
-static const char *shdiscnames[] = { "tilde", 0};
-
-#ifdef SHOPT_STATS
-struct Stats
-{
-	Namfun_t	hdr;
-	Shell_t		*sh;
-	char		*nodes;
-	int		numnodes;
-	int		current;
-};
-
-static Namval_t *next_stat(register Namval_t* np, Dt_t *root,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	struct Stats *sp = (struct Stats*)fp;
-	if(!root)
-		sp->current = 0;
-	else if(++sp->current>=sp->numnodes)
-		return(0);
-	return(nv_namptr(sp->nodes,sp->current));
-}
-
-static Namval_t *create_stat(Namval_t *np,const char *name,int flag,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	struct Stats		*sp = (struct Stats*)fp;
-	register const char	*cp=name;
-	register int		i=0,n;
-	Namval_t		*nq=0;
-	Shell_t			*shp = sp->sh;
-	if(!name)
-		return(SH_STATS);
-	while((i=*cp++) && i != '=' && i != '+' && i!='[');
-	n = (cp-1) -name;
-	for(i=0; i < sp->numnodes; i++)
-	{
-		nq = nv_namptr(sp->nodes,i);
-		if((n==0||memcmp(name,nq->nvname,n)==0) && nq->nvname[n]==0)
-			goto found;
-	}
-	nq = 0;
-found:
-	if(nq)
-	{
-		fp->last = (char*)&name[n];
-		shp->last_table = SH_STATS;
-	}
-	else
-		errormsg(SH_DICT,ERROR_exit(1),e_notelem,n,name,nv_name(np));
-	return(nq);
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t stat_disc =
-{
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-	create_stat,
-	0, 0,
-	next_stat
-};
-
-static char *name_stat(Namval_t *np, Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	Shell_t	*shp = sh_getinterp();
-	sfprintf(shp->strbuf,".sh.stats.%s",np->nvname);
-	return(sfstruse(shp->strbuf));
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t	stat_child_disc =
-{
-	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
-	name_stat
-};
-
-static Namfun_t	 stat_child_fun =
-{
-	&stat_child_disc, 1, 0, sizeof(Namfun_t)
-};
-
-static void stat_init(Shell_t *shp)
-{
-	int		i,nstat = STAT_SUBSHELL+1;
-	struct Stats	*sp = newof(0,struct Stats,1,nstat*NV_MINSZ);
-	Namval_t	*np;
-	sp->numnodes = nstat;
-	sp->nodes = (char*)(sp+1);
-	shgd->stats = (int*)calloc(sizeof(int),nstat);
-	sp->sh = shp;
-	for(i=0; i < nstat; i++)
-	{
-		np = nv_namptr(sp->nodes,i);
-		np->nvfun = &stat_child_fun;
-		np->nvname = (char*)shtab_stats[i].sh_name;
-		nv_onattr(np,NV_RDONLY|NV_MINIMAL|NV_NOFREE|NV_INTEGER);
-		nv_setsize(np,10);
-		np->nvalue.ip = &shgd->stats[i];
-	}
-	sp->hdr.dsize = sizeof(struct Stats) + nstat*(sizeof(int)+NV_MINSZ);
-	sp->hdr.disc = &stat_disc;
-	nv_stack(SH_STATS,&sp->hdr);
-	sp->hdr.nofree = 1;
-	nv_setvtree(SH_STATS);
-}
-#else
-#   define stat_init(x)
-#endif /* SHOPT_STATS */
-
-/*
- * Initialize the shell name and alias table
- */
-static Init_t *nv_init(Shell_t *shp)
-{
-	double d=0;
-	ip = newof(0,Init_t,1,0);
-	if(!ip)
-		return(0);
-	shp->nvfun.last = (char*)shp;
-	shp->nvfun.nofree = 1;
-	ip->sh = shp;
-	shp->var_base = shp->var_tree = sh_inittree(shp,shtab_variables);
-	SHLVL->nvalue.ip = &shlvl;
-	ip->IFS_init.hdr.disc = &IFS_disc;
-	ip->PATH_init.disc = &RESTRICTED_disc;
-	ip->PATH_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->FPATH_init.disc = &RESTRICTED_disc;
-	ip->FPATH_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->CDPATH_init.disc = &CDPATH_disc;
-	ip->CDPATH_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->SHELL_init.disc = &RESTRICTED_disc;
-	ip->SHELL_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->ENV_init.disc = &RESTRICTED_disc;
-	ip->ENV_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->VISUAL_init.disc = &EDITOR_disc;
-	ip->VISUAL_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->EDITOR_init.disc = &EDITOR_disc;
-	ip->EDITOR_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->HISTFILE_init.disc = &HISTFILE_disc;
-	ip->HISTFILE_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->HISTSIZE_init.disc = &HISTFILE_disc;
-	ip->HISTSIZE_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->OPTINDEX_init.disc = &OPTINDEX_disc;
-	ip->OPTINDEX_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->SECONDS_init.hdr.disc = &SECONDS_disc;
-	ip->SECONDS_init.hdr.nofree = 1;
-	ip->RAND_init.hdr.disc = &RAND_disc;
-	ip->RAND_init.hdr.nofree = 1;
-	ip->RAND_init.sh = shp;
-	ip->SH_MATCH_init.hdr.disc = &SH_MATCH_disc;
-	ip->SH_MATCH_init.hdr.nofree = 1;
-	ip->SH_MATH_init.disc = &SH_MATH_disc;
-	ip->SH_MATH_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->SH_VERSION_init.disc = &SH_VERSION_disc;
-	ip->SH_VERSION_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->LINENO_init.disc = &LINENO_disc;
-	ip->LINENO_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->L_ARG_init.disc = &L_ARG_disc;
-	ip->L_ARG_init.nofree = 1;
-#ifdef _hdr_locale
-	ip->LC_TYPE_init.disc = &LC_disc;
-	ip->LC_TYPE_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->LC_NUM_init.disc = &LC_disc;
-	ip->LC_NUM_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->LC_COLL_init.disc = &LC_disc;
-	ip->LC_COLL_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->LC_MSG_init.disc = &LC_disc;
-	ip->LC_MSG_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->LC_ALL_init.disc = &LC_disc;
-	ip->LC_ALL_init.nofree = 1;
-	ip->LANG_init.disc = &LC_disc;
-	ip->LANG_init.nofree = 1;
-#endif /* _hdr_locale */
-	nv_stack(IFSNOD, &ip->IFS_init.hdr);
-	ip->IFS_init.hdr.nofree = 1;
-	nv_stack(PATHNOD, &ip->PATH_init);
-	nv_stack(FPATHNOD, &ip->FPATH_init);
-	nv_stack(CDPNOD, &ip->CDPATH_init);
-	nv_stack(SHELLNOD, &ip->SHELL_init);
-	nv_stack(ENVNOD, &ip->ENV_init);
-	nv_stack(VISINOD, &ip->VISUAL_init);
-	nv_stack(EDITNOD, &ip->EDITOR_init);
-	nv_stack(HISTFILE, &ip->HISTFILE_init);
-	nv_stack(HISTSIZE, &ip->HISTSIZE_init);
-	nv_stack(OPTINDNOD, &ip->OPTINDEX_init);
-	nv_stack(SECONDS, &ip->SECONDS_init.hdr);
-	nv_stack(L_ARGNOD, &ip->L_ARG_init);
-	nv_putval(SECONDS, (char*)&d, NV_DOUBLE);
-	nv_stack(RANDNOD, &ip->RAND_init.hdr);
-	d = (shp->gd->pid&RANDMASK);
-	nv_putval(RANDNOD, (char*)&d, NV_DOUBLE);
-	nv_stack(LINENO, &ip->LINENO_init);
-	SH_MATCHNOD->nvfun =  &ip->SH_MATCH_init.hdr;
-	nv_putsub(SH_MATCHNOD,(char*)0,10);
-	nv_stack(SH_MATHNOD, &ip->SH_MATH_init);
-	nv_stack(SH_VERSIONNOD, &ip->SH_VERSION_init);
-#ifdef _hdr_locale
-	nv_stack(LCTYPENOD, &ip->LC_TYPE_init);
-	nv_stack(LCALLNOD, &ip->LC_ALL_init);
-	nv_stack(LCMSGNOD, &ip->LC_MSG_init);
-	nv_stack(LCCOLLNOD, &ip->LC_COLL_init);
-	nv_stack(LCNUMNOD, &ip->LC_NUM_init);
-	nv_stack(LANGNOD, &ip->LANG_init);
-#endif /* _hdr_locale */
-	(PPIDNOD)->nvalue.lp = (&shp->gd->ppid);
-	(SH_PIDNOD)->nvalue.lp = (&shp->gd->current_pid);
-	(TMOUTNOD)->nvalue.lp = (&shp->st.tmout);
-	(MCHKNOD)->nvalue.lp = (&sh_mailchk);
-	(OPTINDNOD)->nvalue.lp = (&shp->st.optindex);
-	/* set up the seconds clock */
-	shp->alias_tree = dtopen(&_Nvdisc,Dtoset);
-	shp->track_tree = dtopen(&_Nvdisc,Dtset);
-	shp->bltin_tree = sh_inittree(shp,(const struct shtable2*)shtab_builtins);
-	shp->fun_tree = dtopen(&_Nvdisc,Dtoset);
-	dtview(shp->fun_tree,shp->bltin_tree);
-	nv_mount(DOTSHNOD, "type", shp->typedict=dtopen(&_Nvdisc,Dtoset));
-	nv_adddisc(DOTSHNOD, shdiscnames, (Namval_t**)0);
-	DOTSHNOD->nvalue.cp = Empty;
-	nv_onattr(DOTSHNOD,NV_RDONLY);
-	SH_LINENO->nvalue.ip = &shp->st.lineno;
-	VERSIONNOD->nvalue.nrp = newof(0,struct Namref,1,0);
-        VERSIONNOD->nvalue.nrp->np = SH_VERSIONNOD;
-        VERSIONNOD->nvalue.nrp->root = nv_dict(DOTSHNOD);
-        VERSIONNOD->nvalue.nrp->table = DOTSHNOD;
-	nv_onattr(VERSIONNOD,NV_REF);
-	math_init(shp);
-	if(!shgd->stats)
-		stat_init(shp);
-	return(ip);
-}
-
-/*
- * initialize name-value pairs
- */
-
-Dt_t *sh_inittree(Shell_t *shp,const struct shtable2 *name_vals)
-{
-	register Namval_t *np;
-	register const struct shtable2 *tp;
-	register unsigned n = 0;
-	register Dt_t *treep;
-	Dt_t *base_treep, *dict;
-	for(tp=name_vals;*tp->sh_name;tp++)
-		n++;
-	np = (Namval_t*)calloc(n,sizeof(Namval_t));
-	if(!shgd->bltin_nodes)
-	{
-		shgd->bltin_nodes = np;
-		shgd->bltin_nnodes = n;
-	}
-	else if(name_vals==(const struct shtable2*)shtab_builtins)
-	{
-		shgd->bltin_cmds = np;
-		nbltins = n;
-	}
-	base_treep = treep = dtopen(&_Nvdisc,Dtoset);
-	treep->user = (void*)shp;
-	for(tp=name_vals;*tp->sh_name;tp++,np++)
-	{
-		if((np->nvname = strrchr(tp->sh_name,'.')) && np->nvname!=((char*)tp->sh_name))
-			np->nvname++;
-		else
-		{
-			np->nvname = (char*)tp->sh_name;
-			treep = base_treep;
-		}
-		np->nvenv = 0;
-		if(name_vals==(const struct shtable2*)shtab_builtins)
-			np->nvalue.bfp = (Nambfp_f)((struct shtable3*)tp)->sh_value;
-		else
-		{
-			if(name_vals == shtab_variables)
-				np->nvfun = &shp->nvfun;
-			np->nvalue.cp = (char*)tp->sh_value;
-		}
-		nv_setattr(np,tp->sh_number);
-		if(nv_isattr(np,NV_TABLE))
-			nv_mount(np,(const char*)0,dict=dtopen(&_Nvdisc,Dtoset));
-		if(nv_isattr(np,NV_INTEGER))
-			nv_setsize(np,10);
-		else
-			nv_setsize(np,0);
-		dtinsert(treep,np);
-		if(nv_istable(np))
-			treep = dict;
-	}
-	return(treep);
-}
-
-/*
- * read in the process environment and set up name-value pairs
- * skip over items that are not name-value pairs
- *
- * Returns pointer to A__z env var from which to import attributes, or 0.
- */
-
-static char *env_init(Shell_t *shp)
-{
-	register char		*cp;
-	register Namval_t	*np;
-	register char		**ep=environ;
-	char			*next = 0;	/* pointer to A__z env var */
-	if(ep)
-	{
-		while(cp = *ep++)
-		{
-			/* The magic A__z env var is an invention of ksh88. See e_envmarker[]. */
-			if(*cp=='A' && cp[1]=='_' && cp[2]=='_' && cp[3]=='z' && cp[4]=='=')
-				next = cp + 4;
-			else if(np = nv_open(cp,shp->var_tree,(NV_EXPORT|NV_IDENT|NV_ASSIGN|NV_NOFAIL)))
-			{
-				nv_onattr(np,NV_IMPORT);
-				np->nvenv = cp;
-				nv_close(np);
-			}
-			else  /* swap with front */
-			{
-				ep[-1] = environ[shp->nenv];
-				environ[shp->nenv++] = cp;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if(nv_isnull(PWDNOD) || nv_isattr(PWDNOD,NV_TAGGED))
-	{
-		nv_offattr(PWDNOD,NV_TAGGED);
-		path_pwd(shp,0);
-	}
-	if((cp = nv_getval(SHELLNOD)) && (sh_type(cp)&SH_TYPE_RESTRICTED))
-		sh_onoption(SH_RESTRICTED); /* restricted shell */
-	return(next);
-}
-
-/*
- * Import variable attributes from magic A__z env var pointed to by 'next'.
- * If next == 0, this function does nothing.
- */
-static void env_import_attributes(Shell_t *shp, char *next)
-{
-	register char		*cp;
-	register Namval_t	*np;
-	while(cp=next)
-	{
-		if(next = strchr(++cp,'='))
-			*next = 0;
-		np = nv_search(cp+2,shp->var_tree,NV_ADD);
-		if(np!=SHLVL && nv_isattr(np,NV_IMPORT|NV_EXPORT))
-		{
-			int flag = *(unsigned char*)cp-' ';
-			int size = *(unsigned char*)(cp+1)-' ';
-			if((flag&NV_INTEGER) && size==0)
-			{
-				/* check for floating*/
-				char *dp, *val = nv_getval(np);
-				strtol(val,&dp,10);
-				if(*dp=='.' || *dp=='e' || *dp=='E')
-				{
-					char *lp;
-					flag |= NV_DOUBLE;
-					if(*dp=='.')
-					{
-						strtol(dp+1,&lp,10);
-						if(*lp)
-							dp = lp;
-					}
-					if(*dp && *dp!='.')
-					{
-						flag |= NV_EXPNOTE;
-						size = dp-val;
-					}
-					else
-						size = strlen(dp);
-					size--;
-				}
-			}
-			nv_newattr(np,flag|NV_IMPORT|NV_EXPORT,size);
-		}
-	}
-	return;
-}
-
-/*
- * terminate shell and free up the space
- */
-int sh_term(void)
-{
-	sfdisc(sfstdin,SF_POPDISC);
-	free((char*)sh.outbuff);
-	stakset(NIL(char*),0);
-	return(0);
-}
-
-/* function versions of these */
-
-#define DISABLE	/* proto workaround */
-
-unsigned long sh_isoption DISABLE (int opt)
-{
-	return(sh_isoption(opt));
-}
-
-unsigned long sh_onoption DISABLE (int opt)
-{
-	return(sh_onoption(opt));
-}
-
-unsigned long sh_offoption DISABLE (int opt)
-{
-	return(sh_offoption(opt));
-}
-
-void	sh_sigcheck DISABLE (Shell_t *shp)
-{
-	if(!shp)
-		shp = sh_getinterp();
-	sh_sigcheck(shp);
-}
-
-Dt_t*	sh_bltin_tree DISABLE (void)
-{
-	return(sh.bltin_tree);
-}
-
-/*
- * This code is for character mapped variables with wctrans()
- */
-struct Mapchar
-{
-	Namfun_t	hdr;
-	const char	*name;
-	wctrans_t	trans;
-	int		lctype;
-};
-
-static void put_trans(register Namval_t* np,const char *val,int flags,Namfun_t *fp)
-{
-	struct Mapchar *mp = (struct Mapchar*)fp;
-	int	c,offset = staktell(),off=offset;
-	if(val)
-	{
-		if(mp->lctype!=lctype)
-		{
-			mp->lctype = lctype;
-			mp->trans = wctrans(mp->name);
-		}
-		if(!mp->trans || (flags&NV_INTEGER))
-			goto skip;
-		while(c = mbchar(val))
-		{
-			c = towctrans(c,mp->trans);
-			stakseek(off+c);
-			stakseek(off);
-			c  = mbconv(stakptr(off),c);
-			off += c;
-			stakseek(off);
-		}
-		stakputc(0);
-		val = stakptr(offset);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		nv_putv(np,val,flags,fp);
-		nv_disc(np,fp,NV_POP);
-		if(!(fp->nofree&1))
-			free((void*)fp);
-		stakseek(offset);
-		return;
-	}
-skip:
-	nv_putv(np,val,flags,fp);
-	stakseek(offset);
-}
-
-static const Namdisc_t TRANS_disc      = {  sizeof(struct Mapchar), put_trans };
-
-Namfun_t	*nv_mapchar(Namval_t *np,const char *name)
-{
-	wctrans_t	trans = name?wctrans(name):0;
-	struct Mapchar	*mp=0;
-	int		n=0,low;
-	if(np)
-		mp = (struct Mapchar*)nv_hasdisc(np,&TRANS_disc);
-	if(!name)
-		return(mp?(Namfun_t*)mp->name:0);
-	if(!trans)
-		return(0);
-	if(!np)
-		return(((Namfun_t*)0)+1);
-	if((low=strcmp(name,e_tolower)) && strcmp(name,e_toupper))
-		n += strlen(name)+1;
-	if(mp)
-	{
-		if(strcmp(name,mp->name)==0)
-			return(&mp->hdr);
-		nv_disc(np,&mp->hdr,NV_POP);
-		if(!(mp->hdr.nofree&1))
-			free((void*)mp);
-	}
-	mp = newof(0,struct Mapchar,1,n);
-	mp->trans = trans;
-	mp->lctype = lctype;
-	if(low==0)
-		mp->name = e_tolower;
-	else if(n==0)
-		mp->name = e_toupper;
-	else
-	{
-		mp->name = (char*)(mp+1);
-		strcpy((char*)mp->name,name);
-	}
-	mp->hdr.disc =  &TRANS_disc;
-	return(&mp->hdr);
-}
diff --git a/cde/programs/dtksh/init.patch b/cde/programs/dtksh/init.patch
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..85167c685
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cde/programs/dtksh/init.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+--- ./ksh93/src/cmd/ksh93/sh/init.c	2020-11-22 15:34:35.964537420 -0600
++++ init.c	2020-12-31 19:31:00.091176802 -0600
+@@ -48,6 +48,38 @@
+ #include	"lexstates.h"
+ #include	"version.h"
+
++#ifdef BUILD_DTKSH
++#include <Dt/DtNlUtils.h>
++#include <Dt/EnvControlP.h>
++#include <stdio.h>
++#include <nl_types.h>
++#include <X11/X.h>
++#include <X11/Intrinsic.h>
++#include <X11/IntrinsicP.h>
++#include <X11/CoreP.h>
++#include <X11/StringDefs.h>
++#include <Xm/XmStrDefs.h>
++#include <setjmp.h>
++#include <string.h>
++#include <ctype.h>
++#include <Xm/Xm.h>
++#include <Xm/Protocols.h>
++#include "hash.h"
++#include "stdio.h"
++
++#define NO_AST
++#include "dtksh.h"
++#undef NO_AST
++#include "xmksh.h"
++#include "dtkcmds.h"
++#include "xmcvt.h"
++#include "widget.h"
++#include "extra.h"
++#include "xmwidgets.h"
++#include "msgs.h"
++#include <locale.h>
++#endif
++
+ #if _hdr_wctype
+ #include	<ast_wchar.h>
+ #include	<wctype.h>
+@@ -1469,6 +1501,16 @@
+ #endif
+	if(shp->userinit=userinit)
+		(*userinit)(shp, 0);
++#ifdef BUILD_DTKSH
++	int * lockedFds = LockKshFileDescriptors();
++	(void) XtSetLanguageProc((XtAppContext)NULL, (XtLanguageProc)NULL,
++                                (XtPointer)NULL);
++	DtNlInitialize();
++	_DtEnvControl(DT_ENV_SET);
++	UnlockKshFileDescriptors(lockedFds);
++
++	dtksh_init();
++#endif
+	return(shp);
+ }