Fix argv rewrite on invoking hashbangless script (rhbz#1047506)

The fixargs() function is invoked when ksh needs to run a script
without a #!/hashbang/path. Instead of letting the kernel invoke a
shell, ksh exfile()s the script itself from sh_main(). In the
forked child, it calls fixargs() to set the argument list in the
environment to the args of the new script, so that 'ps' and
/proc/PID/cmdline show the expected output.

But fixargs() is broken because, on systems other than HP-UX (on
which ksh uses pstat(2)), ksh simply inserts a terminating zero.
The arguments list is not a zero-terminated C string. Unix systems
expect the entire arguments buffer to be zeroed out, otherwise 'ps'
and /proc/*/cmdline will have fragments of previous command lines
in the output.

The Red Hat patch for this bug is:
https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/ksh/blob/642af4d6/f/ksh-20120801-argvfix.patch

However, that fix is incomplete because 'command_len' was also
hardcoded to be limited to 64 characters (!), which still gave
invalid 'ps' output if the erased command line was longer.

src/cmd/ksh93/sh/main.c: fixargs():

- Remove CMD_LENGTH macro which was defined as 64.

- Remove code that limited the erasure of the arguments buffer to
  CMD_LENGTH characters. That code also had quite a dodgy strdup()
  call -- it copies arguments to the heap, but they are never freed
  (or even used), so it's a memory leak. Also, none of this is
  ever done if the length is calculated using pstat(2) on HP-UX,
  which is a clear indication that it's unnecessary.
  (I think this code block must have been some experiment they
  forgot to remove. One reason why I think so is that a 64 byte
  arguments limit never made sense, even in the 1980s when they
  wrote ksh on 80-column CRT displays. Another indication of this
  is that fixing it didn't require adding anything; the code to do
  the right thing was already there, it was just being overridden.)

- Zero out the full arguments length as in the Red Hat patch.

src/cmd/ksh93/tests/basic.sh:

- Add test. It's sort of involved because 'ps' is one of the least
  portable commands in practice, in spite of standardisation.

NEWS

@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@ For full details, see the git log at: https://github.com/ksh93/ksh
 
 Any uppercase BUG_* names are modernish shell bug IDs.
 
+2020-09-25:
+
+- When ksh invoked a shell script that does not have a leading
+  #!/hashbang/path, 'ps' and /proc/<PID>/cmdline showed corrupted output if
+  the new script's command line was shorter than that of the invoking script.
+  This has been fixed by wiping the arguments buffer correctly.
+
 2020-09-24:
 
 - An omission made it impossible to turn off brace expansion within command

src/cmd/ksh93/include/version.h

@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
 *                  David Korn <dgk@research.att.com>                   *
 *                                                                      *
 ***********************************************************************/
-#define SH_RELEASE	"93u+m 2020-09-24"
+#define SH_RELEASE	"93u+m 2020-09-25"

src/cmd/ksh93/sh/main.c

@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@
 #   include	<nc.h>
 #endif	/* _hdr_nc */
 
-#define CMD_LENGTH	64
-
 /* These routines are referenced by this module */
 static void	exfile(Shell_t*, Sfio_t*,int);
 static void	chkmail(Shell_t *shp, char*);
@@ -340,6 +338,7 @@ int sh_main(int ac, char *av[], Shinit_f userinit)
 	}
 	else
 	{
+		/* beenhere > 0: We're in a forked child, about to execute a script without a hashbang path. */
 		fdin = shp->infd;
 		fixargs(shp->st.dolv,1);
 	}
@@ -697,6 +696,13 @@ static void chkmail(Shell_t *shp, char *files)
 #if defined(_lib_fork) && !defined(_NEXT_SOURCE)
 /*
  * fix up command line for ps command
+ *
+ * This function is invoked when ksh needs to run a script without a
+ * #!/hashbang/path. Instead of letting the kernel invoke a shell, ksh
+ * exfile()s the script itself from sh_main(). In the forked child, it calls
+ * fixargs() to set the argument list in the environment to the args of the
+ * new script, so that 'ps' and /proc/PID/cmdline show the expected output.
+ *
  * mode is 0 for initialization
  */
 static void fixargs(char **argv, int mode)
@@ -727,19 +733,6 @@ static void fixargs(char **argv, int mode)
 		buff = argv[0];
 		while(cp = *argv++)
 			command_len += strlen(cp)+1;
-		if(environ && *environ==buff+command_len)
-		{
-			for(argv=environ; cp = *argv; cp++)
-			{
-				if(command_len > CMD_LENGTH)
-				{
-					command_len = CMD_LENGTH;
-					break;
-				}
-				*argv++ = strdup(cp);
-				command_len += strlen(cp)+1;
-			}
-		}
 		command_len -= 1;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -754,7 +747,8 @@ static void fixargs(char **argv, int mode)
 		offset += size;
 		buff[offset++] = ' ';
 	}
-	buff[offset-1] = 0;
+	offset--;
+	memset(&buff[offset], 0, command_len - offset);
 #   ifdef PSTAT
 	un.pst_command = stakptr(0);
 	pstat(PSTAT_SETCMD,un,0,0,0);

src/cmd/ksh93/tests/basic.sh

@@ -692,5 +692,29 @@ actual=$(exptest foo)
 [[ $actual == "$expect" ]] || err_exit 'Corruption of multibyte char following expansion of single-char name' \
 	"(expected $(printf %q "$expect"), got $(printf %q "$actual"))"
 
+# ======
+# ksh didn't rewrite argv correctly (rhbz#1047506)
+# When running a script without a #! hashbang path, ksh attempts to replace argv with the arguments
+# of the script. However, fixargs() didn't wipe out the rest of previous arguments after the last
+# \0. This caused an erroneous record in /proc/<PID>/cmdline and the output of the ps command.
+if	actual=$(UNIX95=1 ps -o args= -p "$$" 2>&1)	# UNIX95=1 makes this work on HP-UX
+	# Some 'ps' implementations add leading and/or trailing whitespace. Remove.
+	while [[ $actual == [[:space:]]* ]]; do actual=${actual#?}; done
+	while [[ $actual == *[[:space:]] ]]; do actual=${actual%?}; done
+	[[ $actual == "$SHELL $0" ]]  # this is how shtests invokes this script
+then	expect='./atest 1 2'
+	echo 'sleep 10; exit 0' >atest
+	chmod 755 atest
+	./atest 1 2 &
+	actual=$(UNIX95=1 ps -o args= -p "$!")
+	kill "$!"
+	while [[ $actual == [[:space:]]* ]]; do actual=${actual#?}; done
+	while [[ $actual == *[[:space:]] ]]; do actual=${actual%?}; done
+	[[ $actual == "$expect" ]] || err_exit "ksh didn't rewrite argv correctly" \
+		"(expected $(printf %q "$expect"), got $(printf %q "$actual"))"
+else	err_exit "warning: skipping argv rewrite test due to noncompliant 'ps' utility (got $(printf %q "$actual"))"
+	let Errors--
+fi
+
 # ======
 exit $((Errors<125?Errors:125))