diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp
index a5094bd24..74cbb18ae 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp
@@ -47,15 +47,9 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <srs_kernel_balance.hpp>
 #include <srs_app_rtmp_conn.hpp>
 
-// when error, edge ingester sleep for a while and retry.
-#define SRS_EDGE_INGESTER_CIMS (3*1000)
-
 // when edge timeout, retry next.
 #define SRS_EDGE_INGESTER_TMMS (5*1000)
 
-// when error, edge ingester sleep for a while and retry.
-#define SRS_EDGE_FORWARDER_CIMS (3*1000)
-
 // when edge error, wait for quit
 #define SRS_EDGE_FORWARDER_TMMS (150)
 
@@ -172,7 +166,7 @@ SrsEdgeIngester::SrsEdgeIngester()
     
     upstream = new SrsEdgeRtmpUpstream(redirect);
     lb = new SrsLbRoundRobin();
-    pthread = new SrsReusableThread2("edge-igs", this, SRS_EDGE_INGESTER_CIMS);
+    trd = NULL;
 }
 
 SrsEdgeIngester::~SrsEdgeIngester()
@@ -181,7 +175,7 @@ SrsEdgeIngester::~SrsEdgeIngester()
     
     srs_freep(upstream);
     srs_freep(lb);
-    srs_freep(pthread);
+    srs_freep(trd);
 }
 
 int SrsEdgeIngester::initialize(SrsSource* s, SrsPlayEdge* e, SrsRequest* r)
@@ -204,12 +198,14 @@ int SrsEdgeIngester::start()
         return ret;
     }
     
-    return pthread->start();
+    srs_freep(trd);
+    trd = new SrsCoroutine("edge-igs", this);
+    return trd->start();
 }
 
 void SrsEdgeIngester::stop()
 {
-    pthread->stop();
+    trd->stop();
     upstream->close();
     
     // notice to unpublish.
@@ -223,11 +219,30 @@ string SrsEdgeIngester::get_curr_origin()
     return lb->selected();
 }
 
+// when error, edge ingester sleep for a while and retry.
+#define SRS_EDGE_INGESTER_CIMS (3*1000)
+
 int SrsEdgeIngester::cycle()
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
-    for (;;) {
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
+        if ((ret = do_cycle()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+            srs_warn("EdgeIngester: Ignore error, ret=%d", ret);
+        }
+        
+        if (!trd->pull()) {
+            st_usleep(SRS_EDGE_INGESTER_CIMS * 1000);
+        }
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int SrsEdgeIngester::do_cycle()
+{
+    int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+    
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
         srs_freep(upstream);
         upstream = new SrsEdgeRtmpUpstream(redirect);
         
@@ -275,7 +290,7 @@ int SrsEdgeIngester::ingest()
     // set to larger timeout to read av data from origin.
     upstream->set_recv_timeout(SRS_EDGE_INGESTER_TMMS);
     
-    while (!pthread->interrupted()) {
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
         pprint->elapse();
         
         // pithy print
@@ -408,7 +423,7 @@ SrsEdgeForwarder::SrsEdgeForwarder()
     
     sdk = NULL;
     lb = new SrsLbRoundRobin();
-    pthread = new SrsReusableThread2("edge-fwr", this, SRS_EDGE_FORWARDER_CIMS);
+    trd = NULL;
     queue = new SrsMessageQueue();
 }
 
@@ -417,7 +432,7 @@ SrsEdgeForwarder::~SrsEdgeForwarder()
     stop();
     
     srs_freep(lb);
-    srs_freep(pthread);
+    srs_freep(trd);
     srs_freep(queue);
 }
 
@@ -478,22 +493,42 @@ int SrsEdgeForwarder::start()
         return ret;
     }
     
-    return pthread->start();
+    trd = new SrsCoroutine("edge-fwr", this);
+    return trd->start();
 }
 
 void SrsEdgeForwarder::stop()
 {
-    pthread->stop();
+    trd->stop();
     queue->clear();
     srs_freep(sdk);
 }
 
-#define SYS_MAX_EDGE_SEND_MSGS 128
+// when error, edge ingester sleep for a while and retry.
+#define SRS_EDGE_FORWARDER_CIMS (3*1000)
 
 int SrsEdgeForwarder::cycle()
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
+        if ((ret = do_cycle()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+            srs_warn("EdgeForwarder: Ignore error, ret=%d", ret);
+        }
+        
+        if (!trd->pull()) {
+            st_usleep(SRS_EDGE_FORWARDER_CIMS * 1000);
+        }
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+#define SYS_MAX_EDGE_SEND_MSGS 128
+
+int SrsEdgeForwarder::do_cycle()
+{
+    int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+    
     sdk->set_recv_timeout(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS);
     
     SrsPithyPrint* pprint = SrsPithyPrint::create_edge();
@@ -501,7 +536,7 @@ int SrsEdgeForwarder::cycle()
     
     SrsMessageArray msgs(SYS_MAX_EDGE_SEND_MSGS);
     
-    while (!pthread->interrupted()) {
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
         if (send_error_code != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             st_usleep(SRS_EDGE_FORWARDER_TMMS * 1000);
             continue;
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.hpp
index 49f782d37..99f34bc8d 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.hpp
@@ -114,13 +114,13 @@ public:
 /**
  * edge used to ingest stream from origin.
  */
-class SrsEdgeIngester : public ISrsReusableThread2Handler
+class SrsEdgeIngester : public ISrsCoroutineHandler
 {
 private:
     SrsSource* source;
     SrsPlayEdge* edge;
     SrsRequest* req;
-    SrsReusableThread2* pthread;
+    SrsCoroutine* trd;
     SrsLbRoundRobin* lb;
     SrsEdgeUpstream* upstream;
     // for RTMP 302 redirect.
@@ -136,6 +136,8 @@ public:
 // interface ISrsReusableThread2Handler
 public:
     virtual int cycle();
+private:
+    virtual int do_cycle();
 private:
     virtual int ingest();
     virtual int process_publish_message(SrsCommonMessage* msg);
@@ -144,13 +146,13 @@ private:
 /**
  * edge used to forward stream to origin.
  */
-class SrsEdgeForwarder : public ISrsReusableThread2Handler
+class SrsEdgeForwarder : public ISrsCoroutineHandler
 {
 private:
     SrsSource* source;
     SrsPublishEdge* edge;
     SrsRequest* req;
-    SrsReusableThread2* pthread;
+    SrsCoroutine* trd;
     SrsSimpleRtmpClient* sdk;
     SrsLbRoundRobin* lb;
     /**
@@ -176,6 +178,8 @@ public:
 // interface ISrsReusableThread2Handler
 public:
     virtual int cycle();
+private:
+    virtual int do_cycle();
 public:
     virtual int proxy(SrsCommonMessage* msg);
 };
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_encoder.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_encoder.cpp
index d4021b0a3..a2c5be72c 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_encoder.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_encoder.cpp
@@ -100,7 +100,10 @@ int SrsEncoder::cycle()
         if ((ret = do_cycle()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             srs_warn("Encoder: Ignore error, ret=%d", ret);
         }
-        st_usleep(SRS_RTMP_ENCODER_CIMS * 1000);
+        
+        if (!trd->pull()) {
+            st_usleep(SRS_RTMP_ENCODER_CIMS * 1000);
+        }
     }
     
     // kill ffmpeg when finished and it alive
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp
index bd4a0b305..0fe4b0a2c 100755
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp
@@ -47,9 +47,6 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <srs_kernel_utility.hpp>
 #include <srs_app_rtmp_conn.hpp>
 
-// when error, forwarder sleep for a while and retry.
-#define SRS_FORWARDER_CIMS (3000)
-
 SrsForwarder::SrsForwarder(SrsOriginHub* h)
 {
     hub = h;
@@ -58,7 +55,7 @@ SrsForwarder::SrsForwarder(SrsOriginHub* h)
     sh_video = sh_audio = NULL;
     
     sdk = NULL;
-    pthread = new SrsReusableThread2("forward", this, SRS_FORWARDER_CIMS);
+    trd = NULL;
     queue = new SrsMessageQueue();
     jitter = new SrsRtmpJitter();
 }
@@ -66,7 +63,7 @@ SrsForwarder::SrsForwarder(SrsOriginHub* h)
 SrsForwarder::~SrsForwarder()
 {
     srs_freep(sdk);
-    srs_freep(pthread);
+    srs_freep(trd);
     srs_freep(queue);
     srs_freep(jitter);
     
@@ -138,18 +135,19 @@ int SrsForwarder::on_publish()
               source_ep.c_str(), dest_ep.c_str(), tcUrl.c_str(),
               req->stream.c_str());
     
-    if ((ret = pthread->start()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+    srs_freep(trd);
+    trd = new SrsCoroutine("forward", this);
+    if ((ret = trd->start()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         srs_error("start srs thread failed. ret=%d", ret);
         return ret;
     }
-    srs_trace("forward thread cid=%d, current_cid=%d", pthread->cid(), _srs_context->get_id());
     
     return ret;
 }
 
 void SrsForwarder::on_unpublish()
 {
-    pthread->stop();
+    trd->stop();
     sdk->close();
 }
 
@@ -220,10 +218,30 @@ int SrsForwarder::on_video(SrsSharedPtrMessage* shared_video)
     return ret;
 }
 
+// when error, forwarder sleep for a while and retry.
+#define SRS_FORWARDER_CIMS (3000)
+
 int SrsForwarder::cycle()
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
+        if ((ret = do_cycle()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+            srs_warn("Forwarder: Ignore error, ret=%d", ret);
+        }
+        
+        if (!trd->pull()) {
+            st_usleep(SRS_FORWARDER_CIMS * 1000);
+        }
+    }
+    
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int SrsForwarder::do_cycle()
+{
+    int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+    
     std::string url;
     if (true) {
         std::string server;
@@ -289,7 +307,7 @@ int SrsForwarder::forward()
         }
     }
     
-    while (!pthread->interrupted()) {
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
         pprint->elapse();
         
         // read from client.
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.hpp
index 01be0da69..29ec907af 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.hpp
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ class SrsSimpleRtmpClient;
  * forward the stream to other servers.
  */
 // TODO: FIXME: refine the error log, comments it.
-class SrsForwarder : public ISrsReusableThread2Handler
+class SrsForwarder : public ISrsCoroutineHandler
 {
 private:
     // the ep to forward, server[:port].
     std::string ep_forward;
     SrsRequest* req;
 private:
-    SrsReusableThread2* pthread;
+    SrsCoroutine* trd;
 private:
     SrsOriginHub* hub;
     SrsSimpleRtmpClient* sdk;
@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ public:
 // interface ISrsReusableThread2Handler.
 public:
     virtual int cycle();
+private:
+    virtual int do_cycle();
 private:
     virtual int forward();
 };
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ingest.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ingest.cpp
index 562f4a2fb..bbc51b204 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ingest.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ingest.cpp
@@ -181,7 +181,10 @@ int SrsIngester::cycle()
         if ((ret = do_cycle()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             srs_warn("Ingester: Ignore error, ret=%d", ret);
         }
-        st_usleep(SRS_AUTO_INGESTER_CIMS * 1000);
+        
+        if (!trd->pull()) {
+            st_usleep(SRS_AUTO_INGESTER_CIMS * 1000);
+        }
     }
     
     return ret;
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_kafka.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_kafka.cpp
index 21d6f753e..3c33ae6cc 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_kafka.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_kafka.cpp
@@ -501,7 +501,10 @@ int SrsKafkaProducer::cycle()
         if ((ret = do_cycle()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             srs_warn("ignore kafka error. ret=%d", ret);
         }
-        st_usleep(SRS_KAKFA_CIMS * 1000);
+        
+        if (!trd->pull()) {
+            st_usleep(SRS_KAKFA_CIMS * 1000);
+        }
     }
     
     return ret;
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ng_exec.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ng_exec.cpp
index 7f5e920f6..8674bc4b5 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ng_exec.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_ng_exec.cpp
@@ -86,7 +86,10 @@ int SrsNgExec::cycle()
         if ((ret = do_cycle()) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             srs_warn("EXEC: Ignore error, ret=%d", ret);
         }
-        st_usleep(SRS_RTMP_EXEC_CIMS * 1000);
+        
+        if (!trd->pull()) {
+            st_usleep(SRS_RTMP_EXEC_CIMS * 1000);
+        }
     }
     
     std::vector<SrsProcess*>::iterator it;
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.cpp
index 16e7da8b7..62e87cf0f 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.cpp
@@ -60,15 +60,11 @@ SrsRecvThread::SrsRecvThread(ISrsMessagePumper* p, SrsRtmpServer* r, int tm)
     rtmp = r;
     pumper = p;
     timeout = tm;
-    trd = new SrsReusableThread2("recv", this);
+    trd = NULL;
 }
 
 SrsRecvThread::~SrsRecvThread()
 {
-    // stop recv thread.
-    stop();
-    
-    // destroy the thread.
     srs_freep(trd);
 }
 
@@ -79,6 +75,8 @@ int SrsRecvThread::cid()
 
 int SrsRecvThread::start()
 {
+    srs_freep(trd);
+    trd = new SrsCoroutine("recv", this);
     return trd->start();
 }
 
@@ -119,7 +117,7 @@ int SrsRecvThread::do_cycle()
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
-    while (!trd->interrupted()) {
+    while (!trd->pull()) {
         // When the pumper is interrupted, wait then retry.
         if (pumper->interrupted()) {
             st_usleep(timeout * 1000);
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.hpp
index 77f35028c..c84173039 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_recv_thread.hpp
@@ -90,10 +90,10 @@ public:
 /**
  * the recv thread, use message handler to handle each received message.
  */
-class SrsRecvThread : public ISrsReusableThread2Handler
+class SrsRecvThread : public ISrsCoroutineHandler
 {
 protected:
-    SrsReusableThread2* trd;
+    SrsCoroutine* trd;
     ISrsMessagePumper* pumper;
     SrsRtmpServer* rtmp;
     // The recv timeout in ms.
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public:
  */
 class SrsPublishRecvThread : virtual public ISrsMessagePumper, virtual public ISrsReloadHandler
 #ifdef SRS_PERF_MERGED_READ
-, virtual public IMergeReadHandler
+    , virtual public IMergeReadHandler
 #endif
 {
 private:
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.cpp
index 014c69b4b..91bf3a778 100755
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.cpp
@@ -78,91 +78,3 @@ void SrsCoroutineManager::clear()
     }
 }
 
-ISrsReusableThread2Handler::ISrsReusableThread2Handler()
-{
-}
-
-ISrsReusableThread2Handler::~ISrsReusableThread2Handler()
-{
-}
-
-void ISrsReusableThread2Handler::on_thread_start()
-{
-}
-
-int ISrsReusableThread2Handler::on_before_cycle()
-{
-    return ERROR_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-int ISrsReusableThread2Handler::on_end_cycle()
-{
-    return ERROR_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-void ISrsReusableThread2Handler::on_thread_stop()
-{
-}
-
-SrsReusableThread2::SrsReusableThread2(const char* n, ISrsReusableThread2Handler* h, int64_t cims)
-{
-    handler = h;
-    pthread = new internal::SrsThread(n, this, cims, true);
-}
-
-SrsReusableThread2::~SrsReusableThread2()
-{
-    pthread->stop();
-    srs_freep(pthread);
-}
-
-int SrsReusableThread2::start()
-{
-    return pthread->start();
-}
-
-void SrsReusableThread2::stop()
-{
-    pthread->stop();
-}
-
-int SrsReusableThread2::cid()
-{
-    return pthread->cid();
-}
-
-void SrsReusableThread2::interrupt()
-{
-    pthread->stop_loop();
-}
-
-bool SrsReusableThread2::interrupted()
-{
-    return !pthread->can_loop();
-}
-
-int SrsReusableThread2::cycle()
-{
-    return handler->cycle();
-}
-
-void SrsReusableThread2::on_thread_start()
-{
-    handler->on_thread_start();
-}
-
-int SrsReusableThread2::on_before_cycle()
-{
-    return handler->on_before_cycle();
-}
-
-int SrsReusableThread2::on_end_cycle()
-{
-    return handler->on_end_cycle();
-}
-
-void SrsReusableThread2::on_thread_stop()
-{
-    handler->on_thread_stop();
-}
-
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.hpp
index ee9983493..d1c009118 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_thread.hpp
@@ -58,99 +58,5 @@ private:
     void clear();
 };
 
-/**
- * the reuse thread is a thread stop and start by other thread.
- * the version 2, is the thread cycle has its inner loop, which should
- * check the intterrupt, and should interrupt thread when the inner loop want
- * to quit the thread.
- *       user can create thread and stop then start again and again,
- *       generally must provides a start and stop method, @see SrsIngester.
- *       the step to create a thread stop by other thread:
- *       1. create SrsReusableThread field.
- *       2. must manually stop the thread when started it.
- *       for example:
- *           class SrsIngester : public ISrsReusableThreadHandler {
- *               public: SrsIngester() { pthread = new SrsReusableThread("ingest", this, SRS_AUTO_INGESTER_CIMS); }
- *               public: virtual int start() { return pthread->start(); }
- *               public: virtual void stop() { pthread->stop(); }
- *               public: virtual int cycle() {
- *                  while (!pthread->interrupted()) {
- *                      // quit thread when error.
- *                      if (ret != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
- *                          pthread->interrupt();
- *                      }
- *
- *                      // do something.
- *                  }
- *               }
- *           };
- */
-class ISrsReusableThread2Handler
-{
-public:
-    ISrsReusableThread2Handler();
-    virtual ~ISrsReusableThread2Handler();
-public:
-    /**
-     * the cycle method for the one cycle thread.
-     * @remark when the cycle has its inner loop, it must check whether
-     * the thread is interrupted.
-     */
-    virtual int cycle() = 0;
-public:
-    /**
-     * other callback for handler.
-     * @remark all callback is optional, handler can ignore it.
-     */
-    virtual void on_thread_start();
-    virtual int on_before_cycle();
-    virtual int on_end_cycle();
-    virtual void on_thread_stop();
-};
-class SrsReusableThread2 : public internal::ISrsThreadHandler
-{
-private:
-    internal::SrsThread* pthread;
-    ISrsReusableThread2Handler* handler;
-public:
-    SrsReusableThread2(const char* n, ISrsReusableThread2Handler* h, int64_t cims = 0);
-    virtual ~SrsReusableThread2();
-public:
-    /**
-     * for the reusable thread, start and stop by user.
-     */
-    virtual int start();
-    /**
-     * stop the thread, wait for the thread to terminate.
-     * @remark user can stop multiple times, ignore if already stopped.
-     */
-    virtual void stop();
-public:
-    /**
-     * get the context id. @see: ISrsThreadContext.get_id().
-     * used for parent thread to get the id.
-     * @remark when start thread, parent thread will block and wait for this id ready.
-     */
-    virtual int cid();
-    /**
-     * interrupt the thread to stop loop.
-     * we only set the loop flag to false, not really interrupt the thread.
-     */
-    virtual void interrupt();
-    /**
-     * whether the thread is interrupted,
-     * for the cycle has its loop, the inner loop should quit when thread
-     * is interrupted.
-     */
-    virtual bool interrupted();
-// interface internal::ISrsThreadHandler
-public:
-    virtual int cycle();
-    virtual void on_thread_start();
-    virtual int on_before_cycle();
-    virtual int on_end_cycle();
-    virtual void on_thread_stop();
-};
-
 #endif