diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.hpp
index 75021b71c..6d817098e 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.hpp
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public:
 /**
  * the client provides the main logic control for RTMP clients.
  */
-class SrsRtmpConn : public virtual SrsConnection, public virtual ISrsReloadHandler
+class SrsRtmpConn : virtual public SrsConnection, virtual public ISrsReloadHandler
 {
     // for the thread to directly access any field of connection.
     friend class SrsPublishRecvThread;
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_io.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_io.hpp
index 567ee432c..c384a6049 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_io.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_io.hpp
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public:
 /**
  * the reader for the protocol to read from whatever channel.
  */
-class ISrsProtocolReader : public virtual ISrsReader, public virtual ISrsProtocolStatistic
+class ISrsProtocolReader : virtual public ISrsReader, virtual public ISrsProtocolStatistic
 {
 public:
     ISrsProtocolReader();
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public:
 /**
  * the writer for the protocol to write to whatever channel.
  */
-class ISrsProtocolWriter : public virtual ISrsWriter, public virtual ISrsProtocolStatistic
+class ISrsProtocolWriter : virtual public ISrsWriter, virtual public ISrsProtocolStatistic
 {
 public:
     ISrsProtocolWriter();
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public:
 /**
  * the reader and writer.
  */
-class ISrsProtocolReaderWriter : public virtual ISrsProtocolReader, public virtual ISrsProtocolWriter
+class ISrsProtocolReaderWriter : virtual public ISrsProtocolReader, virtual public ISrsProtocolWriter
 {
 public:
     ISrsProtocolReaderWriter();
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_kbps.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_kbps.hpp
index d3fc5432f..0de8bbb77 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_kbps.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_kbps.hpp
@@ -157,12 +157,12 @@ public:
  *      SrsKbps* kbps = ...;
  *      kbps->set_io(in, out);
  *      // both kbps->get_recv_bytes() and kbps->get_send_bytes() are available.
- *       // we can use the kbps as the data source of another kbps:
+ *      // we can use the kbps as the data source of another kbps:
  *      SrsKbps* user = ...;
  *      user->set_io(kbps, kbps);
  *   the server never know how many bytes already send/recv, for the connection maybe closed.
  */
-class SrsKbps : public virtual ISrsProtocolStatistic, public virtual IKbpsDelta
+class SrsKbps : virtual public ISrsProtocolStatistic, virtual public IKbpsDelta
 {
 private:
     SrsKbpsSlice is;