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[Tolk] Nullable types T? and null safety

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This commit introduces nullable types `T?` that are
distinct from non-nullable `T`.
Example: `int?` (int or null) and `int` are different now.
Previously, `null` could be assigned to any primitive type.
Now, it can be assigned only to `T?`.

A non-null assertion operator `!` was also introduced,
similar to `!` in TypeScript and `!!` in Kotlin.

If `int?` still occupies 1 stack slot, `(int,int)?` and
other nullable tensors occupy N+1 slots, the last for
"null precedence". `v == null` actually compares that slot.
Assigning `(int,int)` to `(int,int)?` implicitly creates
a null presence slot. Assigning `null` to `(int,int)?` widens
this null value to 3 slots. This is called "type transitioning".

All stdlib functions prototypes have been updated to reflect
whether they return/accept a nullable or a strict value.

This commit also contains refactoring from `const FunctionData*`
to `FunctionPtr` and similar.
This commit is contained in:
tolk-vm 2025-02-24 20:13:36 +03:00
parent 1389ff6789
commit f3e620f48c
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62 changed files with 2031 additions and 702 deletions
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6
tolk/pipe-find-unused-symbols.cpp
View file

@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace tolk {
static void mark_function_used_dfs(const std::unique_ptr<Op>& op);
static void mark_function_used(const FunctionData* fun_ref) {
static void mark_function_used(FunctionPtr fun_ref) {
if (!fun_ref->is_code_function() || fun_ref->is_really_used()) { // already handled
return;
}
@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static void mark_function_used(const FunctionData* fun_ref) {
mark_function_used_dfs(std::get<FunctionBodyCode*>(fun_ref->body)->code->ops);
}
static void mark_global_var_used(const GlobalVarData* glob_ref) {
static void mark_global_var_used(GlobalVarPtr glob_ref) {
glob_ref->mutate()->assign_is_really_used();
}
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static void mark_function_used_dfs(const std::unique_ptr<Op>& op) {
}
void pipeline_find_unused_symbols() {
for (const FunctionData* fun_ref : G.all_functions) {
for (FunctionPtr fun_ref : G.all_functions) {
if (fun_ref->is_method_id_not_empty()) { // get methods, main and other entrypoints, regular functions with @method_id
mark_function_used(fun_ref);
}