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[Tolk] Nullable types T? and null safety

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This commit introduces nullable types `T?` that are
distinct from non-nullable `T`.
Example: `int?` (int or null) and `int` are different now.
Previously, `null` could be assigned to any primitive type.
Now, it can be assigned only to `T?`.

A non-null assertion operator `!` was also introduced,
similar to `!` in TypeScript and `!!` in Kotlin.

If `int?` still occupies 1 stack slot, `(int,int)?` and
other nullable tensors occupy N+1 slots, the last for
"null precedence". `v == null` actually compares that slot.
Assigning `(int,int)` to `(int,int)?` implicitly creates
a null presence slot. Assigning `null` to `(int,int)?` widens
this null value to 3 slots. This is called "type transitioning".

All stdlib functions prototypes have been updated to reflect
whether they return/accept a nullable or a strict value.

This commit also contains refactoring from `const FunctionData*`
to `FunctionPtr` and similar.
This commit is contained in:
tolk-vm 2025-02-24 20:13:36 +03:00
parent 1389ff6789
commit f3e620f48c
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GPG key ID: 7905DD7FE0324B12
62 changed files with 2031 additions and 702 deletions
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34
tolk-tester/tests/dicts-demo.tolk
View file

@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
import "@stdlib/tvm-dicts"
fun addIntToIDict(mutate self: cell, key: int, number: int): void {
fun addIntToIDict(mutate self: cell?, key: int, number: int): void {
return self.iDictSetBuilder(32, key, beginCell().storeInt(number, 32));
}
fun calculateDictLen(d: cell) {
fun calculateDictLen(d: cell?) {
var len = 0;
var (k, v, f) = d.uDictGetFirst(32);
while (f) {
len += 1;
(k, v, f) = d.uDictGetNext(32, k);
(k, v, f) = d.uDictGetNext(32, k!);
}
return len;
}
@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ fun loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(mutate self: slice): int {
fun test101(getK1: int, getK2: int, getK3: int) {
var dict = createEmptyDict();
dict.uDictSetBuilder(32, 1, beginCell().storeUint(1, 32));
var (old1: slice, found1) = dict.uDictSetAndGet(32, getK1, beginCell().storeUint(2, 32).endCell().beginParse());
var (old2: slice, found2) = dict.uDictSetAndGet(32, getK2, beginCell().storeUint(3, 32).endCell().beginParse());
var (cur3: slice, found3) = dict.uDictGet(32, getK3);
var (old1: slice?, found1) = dict.uDictSetAndGet(32, getK1, beginCell().storeUint(2, 32).endCell().beginParse());
var (old2: slice?, found2) = dict.uDictSetAndGet(32, getK2, beginCell().storeUint(3, 32).endCell().beginParse());
var (cur3: slice?, found3) = dict.uDictGet(32, getK3);
return (
found1 ? old1.loadUint(32) : -1,
found2 ? old2.loadUint(32) : -1,
found3 ? cur3.loadUint(32) : -1
found1 ? old1!.loadUint(32) : -1,
found2 ? old2!.loadUint(32) : -1,
found3 ? cur3!.loadUint(32) : -1
);
}
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ fun test102() {
while (!shouldBreak) {
var (kDel, kVal, wasDel) = dict.iDictDeleteLastAndGet(32);
if (wasDel) {
deleted.tuplePush([kDel, kVal.loadInt(32)]);
deleted.tuplePush([kDel, kVal!.loadInt(32)]);
} else {
shouldBreak = true;
}
@ -82,14 +82,14 @@ fun test104() {
var (old2, _) = dict.sDictDeleteAndGet(32, "key1");
var (restK, restV, _) = dict.sDictGetFirst(32);
var (restK1, restV1, _) = dict.sDictDeleteLastAndGet(32);
assert (restK.isSliceBitsEqual(restK1)) throw 123;
assert (restV.isSliceBitsEqual(restV1)) throw 123;
assert (restK!.isSliceBitsEqual(restK1!)) throw 123;
assert (restV!.isSliceBitsEqual(restV1!)) throw 123;
return (
old1.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
old2.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
restV.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
restK.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
restK.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice()
old1!.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
old2!.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
restV!.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
restK!.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice(),
restK!.loadTwoDigitNumberFromSlice()
);
}