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ton/tolk-tester/tests/null-keyword.tolk
tolk-vm f3e620f48c
[Tolk] Nullable types T? and null safety
This commit introduces nullable types `T?` that are
distinct from non-nullable `T`.
Example: `int?` (int or null) and `int` are different now.
Previously, `null` could be assigned to any primitive type.
Now, it can be assigned only to `T?`.

A non-null assertion operator `!` was also introduced,
similar to `!` in TypeScript and `!!` in Kotlin.

If `int?` still occupies 1 stack slot, `(int,int)?` and
other nullable tensors occupy N+1 slots, the last for
"null precedence". `v == null` actually compares that slot.
Assigning `(int,int)` to `(int,int)?` implicitly creates
a null presence slot. Assigning `null` to `(int,int)?` widens
this null value to 3 slots. This is called "type transitioning".

All stdlib functions prototypes have been updated to reflect
whether they return/accept a nullable or a strict value.

This commit also contains refactoring from `const FunctionData*`
to `FunctionPtr` and similar.
2025-02-28 16:41:41 +03:00

153 lines
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import "@stdlib/lisp-lists"
@method_id(101)
fun test1() {
var numbers: tuple? = createEmptyList();
numbers = listPrepend(1, numbers);
numbers = listPrepend(2, numbers);
numbers = listPrepend(3, numbers);
numbers = listPrepend(4, numbers);
var (h: int, numbers redef) = listSplit(numbers!);
h += listGetHead(numbers!);
_ = null;
(_, _) = (null, null);
var t = createEmptyTuple();
do {
var num: int = numbers.listNext();
t.tuplePush(num);
} while (numbers != null);
return (h, numbers == null, t);
}
@method_id(102)
fun test2(x: int?) {
if (null != x) {
var y: int? = null;
if (y != null) { return 10; }
return y;
}
try {
return x! + 10; // will throw, since not a number
} catch {
return -1;
}
return 100;
}
fun myIsNull(x: int?): int {
return x == null ? -1 : x!;
}
@method_id(103)
fun test3(x: int) {
return myIsNull(x > 10 ? null : x);
}
fun getUntypedNull() {
var untyped: null = null;
if (true) {
return untyped;
}
return untyped;
}
@method_id(104)
fun test4(): null {
var (_, (_, untyped: null)) = (3, (createEmptyTuple, null));
if (true) {
return untyped;
}
return untyped;
}
@method_id(105)
fun test5() {
var n: slice? = getUntypedNull();
return !(null == n) ? n!.loadInt(32) : 100;
}
@method_id(107)
fun test7() {
var b = beginCell().storeMaybeRef(null) as builder?;
var s = b!.endCell().beginParse();
var c = s.loadMaybeRef();
return (null == c) as int * 10 + (b != null) as int;
}
fun test8() {
__expect_type(null, "null");
__expect_type([[null]], "[[null]]");
__expect_type(null as tuple?, "tuple?");
__expect_type(null as [int]?, "[int]?");
__expect_type(((null)) as (int, int)?, "(int, int)?");
}
fun main() {
var i: int? = null;
if (i == null) {
return 1;
}
return 10;
}
/**
@testcase | 101 | | 7 -1 [ 3 2 1 ]
@testcase | 102 | 5 | (null)
@testcase | 102 | null | -1
@testcase | 103 | 5 | 5
@testcase | 103 | 15 | -1
@testcase | 104 | | (null)
@testcase | 105 | | 100
@testcase | 107 | | -11
@fif_codegen
"""
test1 PROC:<{
//
PUSHNULL // numbers
1 PUSHINT // numbers '2=1
SWAP // '2=1 numbers
CONS // numbers
2 PUSHINT // numbers '4=2
SWAP // '4=2 numbers
CONS // numbers
3 PUSHINT // numbers '6=3
SWAP // '6=3 numbers
CONS // numbers
4 PUSHINT // numbers '8=4
SWAP // '8=4 numbers
CONS // numbers
UNCONS // h numbers
DUP // h numbers numbers
CAR // h numbers '13
"""
@fif_codegen
"""
main PROC:<{
//
PUSHNULL // i
ISNULL // '2
IFJMP:<{ //
1 PUSHINT // '3=1
}> //
10 PUSHINT // '4=10
}>
"""
@fif_codegen
"""
test7 PROC:<{
...
LDOPTREF // b '9 '8
DROP // b c
ISNULL // b '11
10 MULCONST // b '13
SWAP // '13 b
ISNULL // '13 '14
NOT // '13 '14
ADD // '15
}>
"""
*/